不同灌水量对戈壁地克瑞森无核葡萄光合特性及果实品质的影响

【目的】研究滴灌条件下不同灌水量对戈壁地克瑞森无核葡萄光合特性及果实品质的影响。【方法】运用开放式气体交换CI-340便携式光合测定系统,研究克瑞森无核葡萄在不同灌水量条件下净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(E)、气孔导度(C)、细胞间CO_2浓度(InTCO_2)及水分利用效率(WUE)的变化规律;通过果实品质测定实验,研究不同灌水量对果实品质的影响。【结果】葡萄在不同灌水条件下Pn年变化均呈先升高后降低的曲线,在年灌水量为6 750 m~3/hm~2时年平均Pn为13.19μmol/(m~2·s),而年灌水量为4 500 m~3/hm~2时年平均Pn为11.66μmol/(m~2·s),提高了11.6%;E也是灌水多高于灌水少,年平均分别为4.18和2.91mmol/(m~2·s),提高了30.5%;WUE则不同,灌水多低于灌水少,分别为3.13和3.97 mmolCO_2/molH_2O,降低了26.9%。在试验条件下,灌水量越多葡萄产量明显提高,但果实品质随着降低。【结论】在灌水多时葡萄Pn升高,但蒸腾速率也明显增大;在灌水少时,虽然光合速率有所减小,但蒸腾速率大幅度减小,水分利用效率显著提高。表明高的土壤水分显著增大了葡萄蒸腾强度,适度干旱则有利于提高葡萄水分利用效率。另外,在适宜的灌水条件下,既稳定了葡萄产量又提高了果实品质。

Effect of Different Irrigation Amount on the Photosynthetic Characteristics and Fruit Quality of Crimson Seedless Grape in Gobi Soil

Objective]This paper studied photosynthetic characteristics and fruit quality of Crimson Seedless grape under drip irrigation different irrigation amount in gobi soil.Method]CI - 340 Portable Photosynthesis System was used to study the net photosynthetic rates,transpiration rates,stomatal conductances,intercellular CO_2 concentration and water use efficiencies of Crimson Seedless grape under diferent irrigation amount.Experimental research of different irrigation amount on fruit quality of Crimson Seedles...