不同氮磷钾配比对轮台白杏果实产量及品质的影响

【目的】通过探讨不同氮、磷、钾配比对轮台白杏果实产量及品质的影响,旨在为轮台白杏高产、优质的施肥技术提供理论依据。【方法】采用氮、磷、钾不同配比施肥试验,对轮台白杏单果重、产量、可溶性固形物、维生素C、总糖含量、总酸含量等指标进行测定,分析施肥与品质和产量的关系。【结果】氮、磷、钾配比施入能使果实单果重提高10.6%～35.9%,产量提高16.0%～214.6%;适宜的氮、磷、钾配比和适当提高钾肥量有利于提高果实品质,可提高可溶性固形物9.3%～30.5%、维生素C 18.5%～46.1%、总糖8.8%～36.8%、减少总酸含量19.5%～46.4%。【结论】适宜氮、磷、钾配比有利于提高轮台白杏果实单果重和产量,但是氮磷钾肥施入总量过大反而有减产的趋势;适宜的氮、磷、钾配比和较高钾肥比例有利于改善果实内在品质,提高可溶性固形物含量、维生素C含量、总糖含量,降低总酸含量;在该气候和土壤条件下轮台白杏较适宜的N:P2O5:K2O施入量为:31.5∶17.5∶21.0 kg/667 m2,比例为1∶0.56∶0.67。

Effects of Different Combination Ratios of N,P and K Fertilizer on Yield and Quality of Luntai Armeniaca Vulgaris

【Objective】 The purpose of this project was to study the effects of different N,P and K fertilization on the yield and quality of Luntai Amerniaca Vulgaris in order to provide the theoretical foundation for fertilizer technology.【Method】Through the field experiment,the indexes of single fruit weight,fruit yield,soluble solid,vitamin C,total sugar and total acidity were measured.【Result】The results showed that the N,P and K fertilizer relative to the control group can make Luntai Amerniaca Vulgaris single fruit weight increased by 10.6%-35.9%,its yield increased by 16.0%-214.6%;Appropriate NPK ratio and increasing amount of K fertilizer can improve Luntai Amerniaca Vulgaris' quality,increase the soluble solid by 9.3%-30.5%,vitamin C by 18.5 %-46.1%,total sugar by 8.8%-36.8%,and reduce the total acidity by 19.5%-46.4%.【Conclusion】Appropriate ratio of N,P and K is beneficial to the increase of single fruit weight and yield,but higher amount may have a negative effect.The optimum combination ratio of N,P and K fertilizer and raising K proportion properly may be beneficial to improve the fruit quality,and increase the soluble solid,vitamin C,total sugar and reduce total acidity.The optimum combination proportion of N,P and K fertilizer for the yield and quality of Luntai Amerniaca Vulgaris is 1∶ 0.56∶ 0.67 under the test climatic and soil condition.