乌鲁木齐市空气环境质量变化趋势及污染防治办法

目的]通过对乌鲁木齐市二氧化硫(SO2)、二氧化氮(NO2)、可吸入颗粒物、降尘的连续监测,分析了1996～2005年间空气环境质量中各污染物的变化趋势.方法]通过实地监测,采样,对所采样品采用甲醛-盐酸副玫瑰苯胺光度法、Saltzman法进行实验分析.结果]在此期间,乌鲁木齐市的主要污染物为SO2和可吸入颗粒物,其中SO2的年均值在0.068～0.145 mg/m3,可吸入颗粒物的年均值在0.115～0.186 mg/m3.SO2和可吸入颗粒物都超过国家<环境空气质量标准>二级标准,但总体上呈现下降趋势.从污染指数来看,1996年的主要污染物为降尘,1999、2003、2004、2005年主要污染物为SO2,其余年份均为可吸入颗粒物.结论]从2005年空气污染状况分析出乌鲁木齐市空气污染具有明显的季节差异,在此基础上,从能源、工业布局、法律保障三方面提出相应的治理措施,用以减轻乌鲁木齐是空气污染程度.

Variation Tendency of Atmospheric Environmental Quality and Its Control Measures of Pollution in Urumqi City

【Objective】Based on continually monitoring the SO2,NO2,PM10 and dustfall in Urumqi,the variation tendency of atmospheric environment quality in Urumqi was analyzed in this paper from 1996 to 2005.【Method】The samples colected from the real spot were analyzed by saltzman method.【Results】The result showed that the main pollutants were SO2 and PM10 in Urumqi.The annual average concentration of SO2 varied from 0.068 mg/m3 to 0.186 mg/m3,both they were higher than grade-two of the national standard,totally pollution level had a tendency of descent.From the analysis of air pollution index,we found the main pollutant which was dustfall in 1996,SO2 in 1999,2003,2004 and 2005,and PM10 in other years.【Conclusion】The result indicated that the analysis of the pollution condition in 2005 had great seasonal discrepancy of atmospheric pollution in Urumqi.The control measures of decreasing air pollution in Urumqi city should enjoy the great attention of governments and organizations at all levels.