平欧杂交榛4个品种光合特性的比较研究

【目的】在伊犁河谷杂交榛示范园内,对拟推广的4个品种光合特性进行比较研究,旨在为制定杂交榛丰产栽培技术措施和扩大推广面积提供理论参考。【方法】采用ECA-PB0401光合测定仪活体测定了光合参数日变化特征、与光合速率相关的气象因子以及光合—光响应参数。【结果】(1)3#品种的净光合速率(Pn)日变化曲线变幅最大,且忍受高温的能力较高;26#、28#和31#对高的光强忍耐程度较强;26#品种的瞬时水分利用效率(WUE)日均值最高;28#品种对光强利用的能力最高,羧化速率(CE)日变幅和日均值较其它3个品种大。(2)4个品种的Pn日均值与产量成显著正相关,日均值及产量大小排序一致,均为28#26#3#31#。(3)影响杂交榛Pn的主要气象因子主次顺序为光合有效辐射(PAR)、气温、CO2浓度、空气相对湿度(RH)。(4)3#品种的光补偿点(LCP)、光饱和点(LSP)都较26#高,对高光强的利用能力较强。【结论】26#、28#、3#三个品种具有较31#更强的推广优势,同时,26#还具有较高的水分利用效率和光能利用效率;四个品种中,26#为干旱、半干旱气候区最佳栽培品种,适宜栽植和规模化发展的生态区范围较广。

Comparative Study on Photosynthesis Character of Four Corylus heterophylla×Corylus avellan Hybrid Hazels

【Objective】The photosynthesis character of four hybrid hazels were studied in Ili River Valley.In order to provide theoretic reference for drawing up technical measure of high yield cultivation in large area,and selecting trees for soil and water erosion area of Xinjiang.【Method】Photosynthetic instrument ECA-PB0401 was used to monitor the diurnal variation of photosynthetic para environmental factors related to photosynthesis rate and the parameters of photosynthesis rate light-response.【Result】(1)The diurnal variation of net photosynthetic rate curve(Pn)of hybrid 3# was greatest,and it had higher resistance on high temperature.The adapt ability on higher PAR of 26#,28# and 31# was stronger than 3#,water use efficiency of 26# was highest.The capability of light use efficiency was strongest,the diurnal variation and diurnal average of 28# was bigger than others.(2)Diurnal average of Pn of the four hybrids were significant related with yield.Diurnal average and yield are in the same order of 28#>26#>3#>31#.(3)The top-down sequence of environmental factors which had influence on Pn of Hybrid Hazels was photosynthetic available radiation(PAR),air temperature(Ta),CO2 concentrations and air relative humidity(RH).(4)Hybrid 3# had higher Light compensation point(LCP)and light saturation point(LSP)than 26#,and it showed greater ability on light use.【Conclusion】Hybrid 26#,28# and 3# had the better advantage for popularization than hybrid 3#.At the same time,26# had higher water use efficiency and light use efficiency.For the four hybrids,26# was the best for planting in arid and semi-arid area.It had more extensive scope for cultivation and large-scaled development.