新疆橡胶草锈病病原菌的分离与鉴定

【目的】研究引起新疆伊犁橡胶草锈病的病原菌种类,为该病的有效防控提供科学依据。【方法】按照柯赫氏法则,分离田间橡胶草锈病病原并接种健康橡胶草以验证其致病性,采用显微镜观察橡胶草锈菌夏孢子形态,应用真菌通用引物NL1/NL4和锈菌通用引物ITS5-u/ITS4rust分别对锈菌的28S rDNA和ITS基因序列进行PCR扩增和测序,通过ITS序列构建系统发育树分析该菌种属地位。【结果】田间病样分离获得的锈菌可侵染健康株并且发病症状与田间症状一致。橡胶草锈菌夏孢子近球形、椭圆形或卵圆形,大小为(24~32 × 21~26) μm,淡黄色至栗褐色,有刺,单胞,壁厚为1~2.5 μm。新疆伊犁橡胶草锈菌与山柳菊柄锈菌最为接近,其序列同源性达到了99.06%。【结论】引起新疆伊犁橡胶草锈病的病原菌为山柳菊柄锈菌。

Isolation and Identification of Pathogens Causing Rust Disease on Taraxacumkok-saghyz Rodin in Xinjiang

【Objective】 This project aims to identify the pathogen causing Taraxacumkok-saghyz Rodin rust disease and provide scientific basis for the effective control of the disease. 【Methods】 According to Koch's rule, the pathogen of rubber grass rust in the field was isolated and inoculated with healthy rubber grass to verify its pathogenicity. The morphology of summer spores of rubber grass rust was observed under the microscope. The 28S rDNA and its gene sequences of rust were amplified and sequenced by PCR with fungal universal primer NL1 / NL4 and rust universal primer ITS5-u/ITS4rust. The phylogenetic tree was constructed by its sequence to analyze the genus status of the strain. 【Result】 The rust isolated from field samples could infect healthy plants, and the symptoms were consistent with those in the field. The summer spores of rubber grass rust were nearly spherical, oval or ovoid, and the size was (24-32×21-26)μm, light yellow to chestnut brown, spiny, single cell, wall thickness of 1-2.5 μm. Its sequence genetic analysis showed that rubber grass rust in Ili, Xinjiang was the closest to Pucciniahieracii, and its sequence homology reached 99.06%.【Conclusion】 The pathogen causing Taraxacumkok-saghyz Rodin rust disease was Pucciniahieracii.