根瘤菌接种对减施氮肥条件下鹰嘴豆干物质积累及产量的影响

【目的】研究根瘤菌接种对鹰嘴豆生长发育的影响及减施氮肥条件下固氮效果。【方法】以木鹰1号为材料,设C₁(根瘤菌A、1/2氮)、C₂(根瘤菌B、1/2氮)、C₃(根瘤菌A、不施氮)、C₄(根瘤菌B、不施氮)和CK₁(不接菌、施全氮)、CK₂(不接菌,1/2氮)、CK₃(不接菌,不施氮)共7个处理,测定各处理鹰嘴豆的根瘤鲜重、叶绿素含量、干重、产量及其构成因素等指标。【结果】接种根瘤菌的处理鲜重显著增长,干物质积累量在生育后期表现为C₁ > C₂ > CK₁ > CK₂ > C₃ > C₄ > CK₃。随着生育期的推进,根瘤菌接种显著提高了植株叶绿素含量。C₁、C₂处理下的鹰嘴豆的单株荚数、单株粒数、单株粒重以及产量升高,C₁处理下的产量为1 928.84 kg/hm²,与全氮对照相比增产8.83%;C₂处理下的产量为1 827.59 kg/hm²,增产3.11%。【结论】根瘤菌接种下,鹰嘴豆减施氮肥可稳产、增产,且以1/2氮肥加根瘤菌A效果最好。

Effect of Rhizobia Inoculation on Dry Matter Accumulation and Yield of Chickpea under Nitrogen Fertilizer Reduction

【Objective】 To understand the effect of rhizobia inoculation on the growth and development of chickpea and the effect of nitrogen fixation under reduced nitrogen fertilizer.【Methods】 Using Muying1 as the test material, set C₁ (rhizobium A, 1/2 nitrogenfertilizer), C₂ (rhizobium B, 1/2 nitrogenfertilizer), C₃ (rhizobium A. No nitrogen fertilizer), C₄ (rhizobium B, no nitrogen fertilizer), CK₁ (no inoculation, total nitrogen fertilizer), CK₂ (no inoculation, 1/2 nitrogenfertilizer), CK₃ (no inoculation, no nitrogen fertilizer). A total of 7 treatments, measuring the nodule fresh weight, chlorophyll content, dry weight and and its constituent factors of chickpeas in each treatment. 【Results】 The fresh weight of rhizobia inoculated treatment increased significantly, and the dry matter accumulation showed: C₁>C₂> CK₁> CK₂> C₃> C₄> CK₃ in the later biological stage. As the growth period progressed, inoculation with rhizobia increased the chlorophyll content. Main stem pods, seeds per plant, grain weight per plant and yield of chickpea under C₁ and C₂ treatments increased. The yield under the C₁ treatment was 1,928.84 kg/hm², which was 8.83% higher than that of the total nitrogen control; the yield under C₂ treatment was 1,827.59 kg/hm², with an increase of 3.11%.【Conclusion】 It is possible to achieve stable yield or even increase the yield of chickpea under the condition of reducing nitrogen fertilizer by inoculation of rhizobia, and 1/2 nitrogen fertilizer plus rhizobia A has the best effect.