‘V’形架式下5个鲜食葡萄品种光合日变化和光响应曲线特征参数比较

【目的】比较5个葡萄品种光合能力,为其合理选(引)种和科学田间管理技术的制定提供理论依据。【方法】以克瑞森、新郁、火焰无核、巨玫瑰和蓝宝石为试材,测定‘V’形架栽培模式下5个葡萄品种的光合日变化趋势及光合速率(Pn)-光响应曲线特征参数。【结果】5个葡萄品种Pn日变化中,克瑞森、新郁、巨玫瑰均有单峰,均呈上午高下午低的逐渐下降趋势,火焰无核和蓝宝石均有双峰,均呈因中午的高温和强光(气孔因素)而导致的“午休现象”,5个葡萄品种Pn日平均值分别为克瑞森(8.395±3.541)μmol/(m²·s)、新郁(9.303±2.643)μmol/(m²·s)、火焰无核(8.796±3.588)μmol/(m²·s)、巨玫瑰(8.043±2.614)μmol/(m²·s)、蓝宝石(8.002±4.157)μmol/(m²·s)。5个葡萄品种Pn-光响应曲线特征参数中,光补偿点(LCP)在(51.0~78.0)μmol/(m²·s)范围内,其中新郁和蓝宝石的LCP均较高,其它3个品种的LCP均低于60.0 μmol/(m²·s)以下;蓝宝石的光饱和点(LSP)最高,为1 582.2 μmol/(m²·s),其次为新郁,克瑞森的LSP最低,为1 151.9 μmol/(m²·s)。【结论】5个葡萄品种在于田县的光合适应性均比较好,其光合水分利用效率(WUE)日平均值由大到小排序为克瑞森>火焰无核>蓝宝石>新郁>巨玫瑰。

Comparison on Characteristic Parameters of Photosynthesis Diurnal Variation and Light Response Curve of 5 Grape Cultivars under ‘V’ Shaped Casserole

【Objective】 To compare the photosynthetic capacity of five grape cultivars and provide theoretical basis for the selection and formulation of scientific field management techniques. 【Method】 Krissen, Xinyu, Flame Seedless, Jumeigui and Sapphire under the "V" shape cultivation mode were used as test materials to determine their diurnal variation trend of photosynthesis characteristic parameters and Pn - light response curve. 【Results】 Among the 5 grape cultivars, the Pn diurnal variation of Crimson, Xinyu and Jumeigui had a single peak, which showed a gradual downward trend, namely, higher in the morning and lower in the afternoon. There were double peaks in Pn diurnal variation of Flame Seedless and Sapphire, both of which showed "midday depression" caused by high temperature and strong light (stomatal factors) at noon. The daily average Pn values of 5 grape cultivars were Crimson (8.395±3.541)μmol/(m ²·s), Xinyu (9.303±2.643)μmol/(m²·s), Flame Seedless(8.796±3.588)μmol/(m²·s), Jumeigui (8.043±2.614)μmol/(m²·s), Sapphire (8.002±4.157)μmol/(m²·s). Among the characteristic parameters of Pn - light response curves of 5 grape cultivars, the light compensation point (LCP) ranged from 51.0 to 78.0 μmol/(m²·s), among which Xinyu and Sapphire had higher LCP, and the other 3 cultivars had lower LCP than 60.0 μmol/(m²·s); Sapphire had the highest light saturation point (LSP), which was 1,582.2 μmol/(m²·s), followed by Xinyu, and the LSP of Crimson was the lowest, which was 1,151.9 μmol/(m²·s). 【Conclusion】 All of the 5 grape cultivars planted in Yutian County showed better photosynthetic adaptability, and their daily average values of water use efficiency (WUE) of the 5 grape cultivars were ranked as follows: Crimson > Flame Seedless > Sapphire > Xinyu > Jumeigui.