加工番茄系统抗性诱导促生菌的筛选鉴定及其促生防病效果

【目的】 筛选具有诱导番茄系统抗性的促生菌并验证其对加工番茄早疫病、灰霉病的防效,为新疆加工番茄病害的生物防治提供理论依据和菌种资源。【方法】 采用稀释涂布法,分离番茄等作物的根部土壤细菌,以无菌生理盐水和稀释至10⁴倍数未接菌的NB培养基为空白对照,利用发芽实验初筛加工番茄促生菌;用菌株发酵液灌根处理加工番茄幼苗,以清水处理为空白对照,测量叶片中茉莉酸含量,复筛系统抗性诱导菌株,分别挑战接种番茄早疫病、灰霉病病原菌,统计疫情指数和诱抗效果。测定菌株16S rDNA序列,初步进行菌种鉴定。【结果】 共分离到147株细菌,筛选得到19株显著(P<0.05)促进加工番茄种子萌发、增加根长的促生菌,有4株促生菌显著(P<0.05)提高加工番茄叶片中茉莉酸含量,防病验证最终得到3株能同时有效防治加工番茄早疫病、灰霉病的菌株,诱抗防效在27.59%~39.44%。菌株FY10、FY12、FY93鉴定为Bacillus atrophaeus,Pseudomonas wadenswilerensis和Bacillus pumilus。【结论】 获得3株具有系统抗性诱导功能且有效防治加工番茄早疫病、灰霉病的促生菌。

Screening and Identification of Systemic Resistant Inducing Growth-Promoting Bacteria and Their Effects on Growth and Disease Prevention of Processing Tomatoes

【Objective】 The purpose of the research is to screen the growth-promoting bacteria that can induce tomato systemic resistance and verify its control effect against early blight and gray mold of processing tomato, so as to provide theoretical basis and bacterial resources for the biological control of processing tomato diseases in Xinjiang.【Method】 The soil bacteria were isolated by the dilution coating terile normal saline and NB medium diluted to 10⁴ times without inoculation as blank control, the germination experiment was used to initially screen processing tomato growth-promoting bacteria.After irrigating root of tomato seedlings with strain fermentation liquid,clean water treatment as a blank jasmonic acid content in the leaves was measured to re-screen the systemic resistance inducing disease index and induced effect counted after inoculation with the pathogen of tomato early blight and gray mold 16S rDNA sequence was determined to identify the strain initially.【Results】 A total of 147 strains of bacteria were isolated, and 19 strains were screened to significantly (P<0.05) promote the germination and root growth of processed tomato seeds, and 4 strains significantly (P<0.05) increased the content of jasmonic acid in processing tomato,3 strains were obtained, which effectively control early blight and gray mold of processed tomato at the same time with the induced effect between 27.59% and 39.44%.Strain FY10, FY12, and FY93 were preliminarily identified as Bacillus atrophaeus, Pseudomonas wadenswilerensis and Bacillus pumilus.【Conclusion】 3 growth-promoting bacteria obtained with the ability to induce systemic resistance and effectively control early blight and gray mold of processed tomato.