不同种类有机肥对土壤养分及水稻产量的影响

增施有机肥是提高土壤质量、保障水稻稳产增产的重要手段之一。本研究于2021年在沿江平原水稻田进行大田试验，明确不同用量（3 000～6 000 kg/hm2）炭基有机肥或生物有机肥对土壤养分及水稻产量的影响。结果表明：与常规施肥相比，生物有机肥处理土壤有效磷含量显著提高13.1%～24.4%；高用量生物有机肥处理碱解氮含量显著提高19.9%；中、高用量炭基有机肥处理土壤有效磷含量分别提高13.1%和18.6%；高用量炭基有机肥处理土壤速效钾含量提高12.5%。生物有机肥对水稻产量的提升效应优于炭基有机肥，与常规施肥相比，中、高用量生物有机肥处理分别使水稻产量显著增加16.1%和22.1%，高用量炭基有机肥处理水稻增产15.9%。

Effects of the application of different organic fertilizers on soil nutrients and rice yield

The application of organic fertilizer is one of the important means to improve soil quality and ensure stable and high yield of rice. A field experiment was conducted in the paddy field along the Yangtze plain in 2021 to determine the effects of different amounts (3000 - 6000 kg/hm2) of biochar-based organic fertilizer or biological organic fertilizer on soil nutrients and rice yield. The results showed that compared with conventional fertilization (CK), the contents of soil available phosphorus in biological organic fertilizer treatments increased significantly by 13.3% - 24.4%, and the contents of alkali-hydrolysable nitrogen increased significantly by 19.9% under high level of biological organic fertilizer. Compared with CK, the contents of soil available phosphorus increased by 13.1% and 18.6% under medium and high level of biochar-based organic fertilizer, respectively, and the content of soil available potassium was 12.5% higher under high level of biochar-based organic fertilizer. The effect of biological organic fertilizer on rice yield was better than that of biochar-based organic fertilizer. Medium and high level of biological organic fertilizer significantly enhanced rice yields by 16.1% and 22.1% than that in CK, respectively. Biochar-based organic fertilizer significantly increased rice yield by 15.9% under high level.