黑龙江烟叶化学成分及挥发性成分分析

本文采用同时蒸馏萃取结合气相色谱/质谱法对黑龙江烟叶的化学成分和挥发性成分进行分析。结果表明：不同部位的烟叶化学成分含量存在差异，其中变异系数最大的为硝酸盐，变异系数最小的为还原糖；上部烟叶总植物碱含量处于优质烤烟总植物碱含量范围。通过主成分分析，筛出主成分10种。类胡萝卜素类的挥发性成分总含量为下部>上部>中部，新植二烯和糠醛总含量为上部>中部>下部。

Analysis of chemical and volatile components of tobacco leaves from Heilongjiang

The analysis and research on chemical and volatile components of Heilongjiang tobacco showed that: (1) there was a distinct variation in the content of chemical components in Heilongjiang tobacco leaves at different parts, among which nitrate had the largest coefficient of variation, reducing sugar had the smallest coefficient of variation, nicotine content in the middle and lower parts of tobacco leaves were lower than the range of nicotine content in high-quality flue-cured tobacco, and the difference rule of total nitrogen, nicotine, total sugar and reducing sugar was consistent with the characteristics of high-quality tobacco leaves; (2) Through the principal component analysis of volatile components in Heilongjiang tobacco leaves, 15 main components were screened out; (3) The difference rule of total volatile components of carotenoids is lower part>upper part>middle part. The content of phenylacetaldehyde in aromatic amino acid cracking products is the highest. The difference rule of total amount of furaldehyde in different parts of tobacco leaf neophytene and browning products is upper part>middle part>lower part. The contents of chemical components and volatile components in different parts of tobacco leaves in the same region are very different. Therefore, it is particularly important to quickly locate the characteristics of tobacco leaf style, which can not only provide reference for subsequent tobacco research, but also improve the efficiency of tobacco leaf selection.