芸苔素内酯对川丹参生长发育及品质的影响研究

为探究叶面喷施芸苔素内酯对川丹参生长发育和品质的影响,在川丹参苗期、花期和根膨大期分别喷施不同浓度芸苔素内酯,于田间测定植株植物学性状和农艺性状,于采收后参考《中华人民共和国药典》(2020年版,一部)中方法测定丹参酮类和丹酚酸B含量。结果表明,苗期、花期和根膨大期分别喷施0.05 mg/L、0.10 mg/L芸苔素内酯后60 d,川丹参株高和冠幅显著受到促进,但苗期喷施0.25 mg/L芸苔素内酯后60 d,川丹参株高和冠幅显著受到抑制。喷施芸苔素内酯对川丹参的增产率在12.0%~79.6%,对丹参酮类含量影响较大,含量最高为0.43%,增幅达到65.4%,含量最低为0.10%,降幅达到61.5%,且含量降低后均不符合《中国药典》(2020年版,一部)质量要求,但对丹酚酸B含量无显著影响。因此,喷施芸苔素内酯会改变川丹参有效成分比例,其滥用可能会影响丹参临床疗效。芸苔素内酯在川丹参种植中使用的科学性仍需继续研究。

Effects of Brassinolide on Growth and Quality of Salvia miltiorrhiza from Sichuan Province

To investigate the effect of foliar spraying of brassinolide on the growth, development and quality of Salvia miltiorrhiza from Sichuan Province, different concentrations of brassinolide were sprayed at the seedling stage, flowering stage and root expansion stage of S. miltiorrhiza from Sichuan Province, and the plant botanical and agronomic characters were measured in the field; the content of tanshinones and salvianolic acid B was determined based on People"s Republic of China" (2020 Edition, Part 1) after harvesting. The results indicated that 60 d later after spraying brassinolide with 0.05 mg/L and 0.10 mg/L at seedling stage, flowering stage and root expansion stage, respectively, significantly increased the plant height and crown width of S, miltiorrhiza from Sichuan Province, however, it significantly reduced the plant height and crown width of S. miltiorrhiza from Sichuan Province at seedling stage with 0.25 mg/L. The yield increase rate ranged from 12.0% to 79.6%, and it had a great impact on the content of tanshinones, the highest content was 0.43%, the increase reached 65.4%, the lowest content was 0.10%, the decrease reached 61.5%, and the content did not meet the "Chinese Pharmacopoeia" (2020 Edition, Part 1) quality requirements, but it had no significant effect on the content of salvianolic acid B. Spraying brassinolide can changes the proportion of effective components, and its abuse may affect the pharmacodynamics of S. miltiorrhiza. Therefore, the scientific nature for the use of brassinolide still needs to be further researched.