不同覆膜处理对水稻生长性状及产量的影响

设置生物降解膜(BE膜)、聚乙烯膜(PE膜)和无覆膜对照3个处理,研究不同地膜覆盖对水稻生长性状和产量的影响。结果表明:不同覆膜处理水稻株高在幼穗发育期至成熟期均比无覆膜对照高,BE膜和PE膜均具有提高水稻株高的效果;水稻有效穗数表现为BE膜PE膜无覆膜对照,BE膜处理和PE膜处理较无覆膜对照显著提高水稻有效穗数(P0.05),分别提高了20%和13%;PE膜处理和BE膜处理较无覆膜对照显著提高水稻产量(P0.05),分别提高649.85、1 499.40 kg/hm~2,增幅分别为12.9%、29.8%;BE膜处理较无覆膜对照节水1 410 m~3/hm~2,节水率达到8%;PE膜处理较无覆膜对照节水795 m~3/hm~2,节水率达到5%。因此,以生物降解膜处理更有利于提高水稻产量和水分利用效率。

Effects of different film mulching treatments on growth characters and yield of rice

In order to explore the effects of different plastic film mulching on growth traits and yield of rice, three treatments of biodegradable film (BE), polyethylene film (PE) and no film mulching (CK) were set up in Shengli village, Wulanhaote City, Xing''an League, Inner Mongolia, to study the response degree of plant height, hole number, effective panicle number, yield and irrigation amount of rice under different plastic film mulching treatments. The results showed that the plant height of different film mulching treatments was higher than that of CK treatment from young panicle development stage to maturity stage, and be and PE treatments could improve the plant height of rice; the effective panicle number of rice was BE>PE>CK, and BE and PE treatments significantly increased the effective panicle number of rice by 13% and 20% compared with CK treatment (P<0.05); PE and be treatments significantly increased the yield of rice by 9% compared with CK treatment (P<0.05)149.2 kg/hm2 and 649.95 kg/hm2, the yield increase rate increased by 13% and 30%; be treatment saved 1410 m3/hm2 water compared with CK treatment, the water saving rate reached 8%, PE treatment saved 795 m3/hm2 water compared with CK treatment, the water saving rate reached 5%. In conclusion, among the different film mulching treatments, biodegradable film treatment was more conducive to improve rice yield and water use efficiency.