平菇家庭栽培技术研究

为探究影响平菇家庭栽培的主要因素,本研究利用学生宿舍角落和阳台空地,在平菇发菌期与出菇期采取不同的措施保持湿度,以“四季龙和灰美2号”2个平菇品种为试验材料,通过2个不同配方的栽培料袋栽培,比较各保湿措施下菌丝生长和出菇情况,测定各处理下出菇的鲜重、干重,计算含水量及生物学效率,筛选最佳的平菇家庭栽培模式。结果表明：发菌期在菌袋报纸封口处喷水并覆盖薄膜可达到菌丝生长所需的湿度,料袋封口方式以套环报纸封口其菌丝生长情况好,出菇整齐；出菇期采用菌袋顶部套袋喷水的方式可有效解决空气相对湿度不足的问题；处理4(灰美2号+配方二)的平菇鲜重产量为0.154kg,显著高于处理2(四季龙+配方二)和处理1(四季龙+配方一),与处理3(灰美2号+配方一)无显著差异；干重最高的是处理3为0.018kg,显著高于其他处理,处理1、2、4之间无显著差异；各处理间含水量无显著差异,其中处理4的含水量最高为90.91%；二茬菇的鲜重、干重及含水量各处理之间均无显著差异,处理2的鲜重和干重均最高；处理1和处理3的干重、鲜重及含水量相同；总生物学效率最高的是处理4为93.60%,与处理2、3无显著差异,处理1存在显著差异。本研究结果可为家庭平菇栽培提供理论依据。

Study on Cultivation Technique of Pleurotus Ostreatus at Home

In order to explore the main factors affecting the family cultivation of Pleustreus ostreatus, this study use of students" dormitory corner and balcony space, stage in mushroom fungus and the mushroom take different measures to keep humidity, with "four seasons dragons and gray 2" two mushroom varieties as experimental material, through two different formulations of cultivation bag cultivation cultivation, comparing the hypha growth under the moisturizing measures and mushrooms present situation, The fresh weight and dry weight of ostreatus were measured, water content and biological efficiency were calculated, and the best family cultivation mode of Ostreatus ostreatus was selected. The results showed that the humidity needed for mycelia growth could be achieved by spraying water and covering film at the seal of mycelia bag during the growth stage. The sealing method of the bag was to seal the mycelia with ring newspaper, and the mycelia grew well and the mushrooms emerged orderly. The problem of insufficient air relative humidity can be solved effectively by spraying water with fungus bag at the top. The fresh weight yield of Ostreatus ostreatus in treatment 4 was 0.154kg, which was significantly higher than that in treatment 2 and 1, but had no significant difference with that in treatment 3. The dry weight of treatment 3 was 0.018kg, which was significantly higher than that of other treatments, and there was no significant difference among treatments 1, 2 and 4. There was no significant difference in water content among all treatments, and the highest water content in treatment 4 was 90.91%. There were no significant differences in fresh weight, dry weight and water content of the second crop. The fresh weight and dry weight of the second crop were the highest. The dry weight, fresh weight and water content of treatment 1 and treatment 3 were the same. The highest total biological efficiency was 93.60% in treatment 4, which was not significantly different from that in treatment 2 and 3, but significantly different from that in treatment 1. The results of this study can provide a theoretical basis for the cultivation of pleustreus ostreatus at home.