玉米秸秆还田对土壤性状及玉米生长的影响

目的] 探索玉米秸秆还田对土壤物理性状、培肥效果、玉米生长及产量的影响。方法] 本试验设秸秆还田+施肥、秸秆还田+不施肥、秸秆不还田+施肥、秸秆不还田+不施肥4个处理，通过定期取样测定不同处理的土壤田间持水量、全氮、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾等指标，对土壤容重、有机质等理化性状进行分析，定期调查玉米生长动态指标，最后测产和考种。结果] 秸秆还田区与不还田区相比较，土壤容重降低、土壤有机质等养分含量和玉米产量增加。反映出秸秆还田在改善土壤理化性状、提高土壤肥力、促进玉米生长和增加产量等方面有着显著效果，因此，玉米秸秆还田对土壤性状和玉米生长的影响具有重要的意义。同时具有稳产、高效、环保等优点，是一项较佳的培肥地力和增产措施，可在大方县玉米种植地区加以广泛推广。

Effects of Returning Corn Stalks to The Field on Soil Properties and Corn Growth

Objective] To explore the effect of corn straw returning on soil physical properties, fertilization effect, corn growth and yield. Method] In this experiment, 4 treatments were set up: straw returning to the field + fertilization, straw returning to the field + no fertilization, no straw returning to the field + fertilization, and no straw returning to the field + no fertilization. Nitrogen, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium and other indicators, analyze the physical and chemical properties of soil bulk density, organic matter, etc., regularly investigate the dynamic indicators of maize growth, and finally measure the yield and seed. Results] Compared with the non-returning area, the soil bulk density decreased, soil organic matter and other nutrient contents and maize yield increased in the straw returning area. It reflects that straw returning has significant effects in improving soil physical and chemical properties, improving soil fertility, promoting corn growth and increasing yield. Therefore, the effect of corn straw returning on soil properties and corn growth is of great significance. At the same time, it has the advantages of stable yield, high efficiency, environmental protection, etc. It is a better measure for fertilizing soil and increasing yield, and can be widely promoted in the corn planting areas of Dafang County.