不同配比的餐厨垃圾沼渣与有机肥对土壤理化性质的影响

餐厨垃圾有机质含量高、微量元素丰富,适合进行资源化再利用,其主要农业资源化利用是制备贫瘠土壤改良剂、污染土壤修复剂。本文主要采用田间小区试验,研究餐厨垃圾沼渣与有机肥的不同配(以纯沼渣为对照,与有机肥配比为处理1、处理2和处理3)比对土壤理化性质的影响。研究结果表明：不同配比的餐厨垃圾沼渣与有机肥对土壤PH值的影响不显著,但与对照相比,处理1、处理2和处理3的土壤总盐含量显著下降,分别下降了110.12%、145.00%、97.65%；与对照相比,处理1、处理2和处理3的土壤有机质含量显著增加,分别增加了24.19%、35.57%、44.05%；与对照相比,处理1、处理2和处理3的土壤氮含量显著增加,分别增加了34.05%、48.34、55.71%；与对照相比,处理1、处理2和处理3的土壤速效磷含量显著增加,分别增加了69.04%、56.64%、59.01%；与对照相比,处理1、处理2和处理3的土壤速效钾含量显著增加,分别增加了15.72%、58.63%、44.92%；分析表明了处理2的综合效益最优,即沼渣：生物复合肥：有机肥= 50%：35%：15%,因此,相对于施加纯沼渣,合理地配加其它有机肥更有利于改善荒漠区土壤的理化性质。

Effect of different proportion of biogas residue and organic fertilizer on soil physicochemical properties

The food waste has high content of organic matter and rich trace elements, so it is suitable for recycling. The main agricultural resource utilization is to prepare poor soil amendments and polluted soil remediation agents. In this paper, a field plot experiment was conducted to study the effects of different combinations of biogas residue and organic fertilizer (pure biogas residue as the control, and the ratio of biogas residue and organic fertilizer to treatment 1, treatment 2 and treatment 3) on the physical and chemical properties of soil. The results showed that different proportion of biogas residue and organic fertilizer had no significant effect on the PH value of soil, but compared with the application of pure biogas residue, the total salt content of soil in treatment 1, treatment 2 and treatment 3 significantly decreased by 110.12%, 145.00% and 97.65%, respectively. Compared with the application of pure biogas residue, the soil organic matter content of treatment 1, treatment 2 and treatment 3 increased significantly by 24.19%, 35.57% and 44.05%, respectively. Compared with the application of pure biogas residue, the soil nitrogen content of treatment 1, treatment 2 and treatment 3 increased by 34.05%, 48.34 and 55.71%, respectively. Compared with the application of pure biogas residue, the content of soil available p in treatment 1, treatment 2 and treatment 3 increased by 69.04%, 56.64% and 59.01%, respectively. Compared with the application of pure biogas residue, the content of soil available K in treatment 1, treatment 2 and treatment 3 increased significantly by 15.72%, 58.63% and 44.92%, respectively. Comprehensive analysis of treatment 2 is the best overall benefit, namely biogas residue: biological compound fertilizer: organic fertilizer = 50% : 35% : 15%, therefore, compared with the application of pure biogas residue, reasonable addition of other organic fertilizer is more beneficial to improve the physical and chemical properties of the desert soil.