基于SBM模型的新疆农业绿色全要素生产率评价研究

在农业绿色可持续发展的背景下，推动农业生产方式转变成为我国农业发展的必然选择。本文基于2011—2020年新疆各地区的面板数据，运用含非期望产出的SBM模型和GML指数分析新疆农业绿色全要素生产率。结果表明：新疆农业绿色全要素生产率（GTFP）虽出现了明显的区域差距，但样本期间农业绿色全要素生产率整体呈现增长趋势，2011—2020年新疆昌吉、博阿塔拉、巴音郭楞、阿勒泰的GEC指数保持在1以下，而其GTC指数则保持在1以上。可见2011—2020年新疆地区GTFP负增长是相对效率的倒退，相反，技术改进则>1，这意味着新疆各地州及兵团的GTFP增长主要得益于技术进步。因此，健全对农业企业的政策支持、完善农业补贴制度、加强对绿色农业科技知识的宣传是推动新疆绿色农业发展的有效路径。

Study on Evaluation of Xinjiang Agricultural Green Total Factor Productivity Based on SBM Model

Under the background of green and sustainable development of agriculture, promoting the transformation of agricultural production mode has become an inevitable choice for China''s agricultural development. Based on the panel data of various regions in Xinjiang from 2011 to 2020, this paper analyzes the green total factor productivity of agriculture in Xinjiang by using the SBM model with unexpected output andGML index. The study found that (1) although there was an obvious regional gap in Xinjiang''s agricultural green total factor productivity, the overall agricultural green total factor productivity showed a growth trend during the sample period. (2) From 2011 to 2020, the EC index of Changji, Boatara, Bayingolin and Altais in Xinjiang remained below 1, while their TC index remained around 1. It can be seen that the negative growth of GTFP in Xinjiang from 2011 to 2020 is a regression of relative efficiency. On the contrary, technological improvement is more than 1, which means that the growth of GTFP in Xinjiang''s prefectures and corps is mainly due to technological progress. Therefore, improving the policy support for agricultural enterprises, improving the agricultural subsidy system, and strengthening the publicity of green agricultural science and technology knowledge are the effective ways to promote the green agriculture in Xinjiang.