牛粪有机肥发酵剂的筛选

设计5个菌种配伍的牛粪有机肥发酵剂(B1、B2、B3、B4、B5)和市售有机肥发酵剂(SS)分别对牛粪进行了发酵试验,对发酵温度、含水量、pH值的变化进行了监控,对所配制的发酵剂进行了活菌数、含水量及pH值的测定和部分发酵产物的质量(有机质、氮、磷、钾)测定及对油菜种籽的发芽率、生长进行了检测。结果表明:配方B5最好,发酵起温快,第2天达50益以上,发酵的第20天含水量降到50%以下,pH值在发酵的第15天降到6.5,发酵后的有机肥对油菜种籽的发芽率及生长量均最好,发芽率为100%,平均芽长7.79 mm,平均根长29.95 mm。此发酵剂的活菌总数为2.61×1010cfu/g,pH值和含水量分别为7.0、13.25%,均符合国家标准GB 20287-2006(活菌数≥2.00×109cfu/g,pH值5.5～8.5,含水量≤20%);发酵所形成的有机肥有机质含量82.17%,氮、磷、钾含量7.10%,pH值为6.5,均符合行业标准NY525-2012(有机质≥45%,氮、磷、钾≥5%,pH值5.5～8.5)。对新鲜牛粪的发酵在20 d之内完成,符合大多数有机肥生产者的要求。

Screening of Starter Cultures for Organic Fertilizer on Cow Manure

There were five strain′s combination(B1,B2,B3,B4,and B5)with a commercially available starter culture for cow manure fermentation to organic fertilizer,monitoring temperature,water contain,and pH of changes in fermentation trails,respectively.It was checked for the live microorganism quantities,water contain,and pH value for determination the quality of fermentation agents,and by determination on organic matter,total nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium for determination the quality of organic fertilizer.The germination,growth detection with rapeseeds,was also checked on new organic fertilizer.The results showed that the fermentation agent B5 was best in all of trail combinations,with fermentation temperature went up fast,on the second day over 50 ℃,and fermentation in 20 days the water contain fell to below 50%,and pH fell to 6.5 in fermentation of the15th day.After fermentation,the organic fertilizer on rapeseed of germination and the growth was the greatest one,with germination 100%,average bud long 7.79 mm,root long 29.95 mm.It contained total living microorganism 2.61 ×1010cfu/g,pH was 7.0,and water contain was 13.25%,meeting national standard GB 20287-2006(living microorganism≥2.00×109cfu/g,pH was 5.5~8.5,water contain≤20%).After fermentation the cow dung,It contained organic matter was 82.17%,and N,P,and K was 7.10%,pH was 6.5.The organic fertilizer met the industry standard NY525-2012(organic matter ≥45%,N,P,K≥5%,pH 5.5~8.5).The fermentation of fresh cow manure to be completed within 20 days,in line with the requirements of most organic fertilizer producers′.