土地整治项目对旱塬区土壤理化特性和粮食产能的影响

为探究土地整治项目对土壤理化特性的改良效果,本文以宝鸡市千阳县张家塬镇柳家塬村荒草地整治项目为例,对工程实施后耕作层土壤(0~30 cm)土壤结构和理化特性的影响进行了分析,并估算了新增耕地粮食产能。结果表明：土地平整工程的实施对耕作层土壤质量的改善具有显著促进作用。且能显著提高新增耕地粮食产能。通过土地平整工程实施,土壤pH值得到显著降低,土壤耕作层范围内土壤较工程实施前降低了1.34%,土壤电导率降低33.33%。0~30 cm土层深度范围内粘粒含量较整治前提高了14.46%,砂粒含量较整治前降低了13.74%。工程实施对土壤全氮、有效磷、速效钾以及有机质含量均有不同程度的影响,土壤全氮含量较工程实施前,通过工程实施创造粮食产能39.89t,有利于保障我国粮食安全。

Effects of land remediation projects on soil physical and chemical characteristics and grain productivity in dryland

In order to explore the effects of land improvement projects on soil physical and chemical characteristics, this article takes the waste grassland improvement project in Liujiayuan Village, Zhangjiayuan Town, Qianyang County, Baoji City as an example. The impacts of this were analyzed, and new grain production capacity of cultivated land was estimated. The results show that the implementation of the land leveling project can significantly promote the improvement of the soil quality of the tillage layer. And can significantly increase the capacity of new cultivated land grain. Through the implementation of the land leveling project, the pH value of the soil was significantly reduced. The soil in the range of the soil tillage layer was reduced by 1.34% and the soil conductivity was reduced by 33.33%. In the depth range of 0 ~ 30 cm, the clay content increased by 14.46% compared with that before the remediation, and the sand content decreased by 13.74% compared with that before the remediation. The implementation of the project affects the soil total nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, and organic matter content to varying degrees. Compared with the pre-project implementation, the total nitrogen content of the soil created by the project is 39.89t, which is conducive to ensuring China"s food security.