2021年郑州首场暴雪伴高架雷暴过程分析

利用常规观测资料、卫星云图和雷达资料对2021年郑州首场暴雪伴高架雷暴天气过程进行了综合分析,结果表明：(1)500hPa高空槽、中低层切变线、700hPa急流和地面倒槽为此次天气过程提供了有利的环流背景和影响系统。(2)700hPa豫北地区有东西向暖切变线,切变线南部强盛的西南急流提供了充足的水汽和不稳定条件。(2)西南倒槽发展旺盛,有利于引导高压前部的冷空气持续南下并长时间维持；850hPa冷舌和地面南下的冷空气为暴雪和高架雷暴提供了深厚的冷垫,低空暖湿急流沿低层冷垫爬升,产生不稳定层结和强上升运动,从而在大气高层产生雷暴。

Analysis of the First Blizzard with Elevated Tunderstorms of Zhengzhou in 2021

Based on the conventional observation data, satellite cloud images and radar data, the process of the first blizzard with elevated thunderstorms of Zhengzhou in 2021 has been comprehensively analyzed. Results showed that: (1) The 500hPa upper trough, the mid-low level shear line, the 700hPa jet stream and the surface inverted trough provided a beneficial background and influencing systems for the weather process. (2) There was an east-west warm shear line in northern Henan at 700hPa, and the severe southwest jet to the south of the shear line provided sufficient water vapor and unstable conditions. (3) The southwest inverted trough developed vigorously, which was conducive to guiding the cold air southwards continuously in front of the high pressure for a long term. The 850hPa cold tongue and the southward cold air at the surface provided a deep cold pad for the blizzard and elevated thunderstorms, and the low-level warm wet jet stream climbed along the low-level cold pad, resulting in unstable stratification and strong upward motion, generating thunderstorms in upper levels of atmosphere.