31个玉米自交系主要农艺性状与其抗旱性的相关分析

选用来自同一个亲本东陵白综合种的31份后代玉米自交系材料,同时在水、旱地种植,调查了21个性状值,计算比较出15个性状值水、旱地之间的差异。其中,产量作为最主要的指标,水、旱地之间差值最大达到7 200 kg/hm2,最小为199.5 kg/hm2,旱地平均减产2 454.9 kg/hm2。计算出10个性状值的抗旱系数和抗旱指数,产量抗旱系数范围0.052 6~0.960 0,抗旱指数范围0.002 8~1.212 6,为选择耐旱品种提供了科学依据。估算出在水旱地中,产量分别和11个性状值之间的遗传相关系数:水地中,产量与株高、穗位、茎粗、穗粒重、雄穗分枝数、穗长、穗粗、轴粗、百粒重、出籽率等10个性状呈正相关,遗传相关系数为0.160 6~0.998 3,产量与生育期一个性状呈负相关,遗传相关系数为-0.326 2;旱地中,产量与其他11个性状呈正相关,遗传相关系数为0.011 4~0.978 6。以上数据体现了在水、旱地中产量与11个性状的关联性大小及异同。在玉米抗旱育种研究中,选择产量高和稳产性好的同时,对其他性状的选择提供了科学依据。

Related Analysis of Main Agronomic Characters and Drought Resistance in 31 Corn Hybrids

31 different corn hybrids which were from the same parent of eastern white comprehensive seed were selected as experimental material,then they were planted in irrigated and dry land,21 characters values of corns were investigated,the differences with 15 characters values between flood and drought were compared.Among them,the output was the uppermost index.The maximum difference between flood and drought was 7 200 kg/hm2.And the smallest difference was 199.5 kg/hm2.The average cut in drought land reached to 2454.9 kg/hm2.Drought resisting coefficient and drought resisting index of 10 character values were obtained.Output drought resisting coefficient scope was 0.052 6~0.960 0 and drought resisting index scope was 0.002 8~1.212 6.All these provided the scientific basis for the selection of drought tolerant varieties.The genetic correlation coefficients between output and 11 traits were estimated in flood and drought.In the flood land,the genetic correlation coefficient between the output and the plant height,ear,stem diameter,grain weight,tassel branch number,ear length,ear diameter,shaft diameter,kernel weight,the seed rate and other traits were positive,correlation coefficient scope was 0.160 6~0.998 3,yield correlated coefficient was negative with genetic traits in growth period,correlation coefficient coefficient was-0.326 2.Yield correlated coefficient with 11 other characters was positive in drought land,correlation coefficient scope was 0.011 4~0.978 6.The above data showed the association size and similarities and differences between output and 11 traits in the flood and drought.The test data of the corn's drought resisting breeding research provided the scientific basis to choose other related characters,especially the high output and stable production.