上海社区不同类型绿地植物群落结构特征与绿量相关性研究——以瑞金社区、莘城社区、方松社区为例

绿量,作为城市绿化的一项新指标,是生态效益量化的重要指标。本文选取上海3个社区中的167个样地作为研究对象,通过对上海社区道路、公园、居住区及其他绿地4种不同类型绿地植物群落结构特征指标与绿量的相关性分析,研究影响植物群落绿量的结构特征指标。研究表明,不同类型绿地植物群落多样性指数偏小,物种多样性不高且变异很大,乔灌草各层物种多样性变化没有明显规律性。社区道路绿地的绿量与乔木平均冠幅呈现极显著正相关;社区公园绿地的绿量与乔木平均胸径、乔木平均高度、乔木平均冠幅呈现极显著正相关;社区居住区绿地的绿量与乔木平均胸径、乔木平均高度呈现极显著正相关,与乔木平均冠幅、灌草平均高度呈现显著正相关;社区其他绿地的绿量与乔木平均高度、乔木平均冠幅呈现极显著正相关,与乔木平均胸径、灌草平均高度呈现显著正相关。本研究结果为社区不同类型绿地植物群落提升绿量提供了丰富的理论依据。

Correlation between Plant Community Structure and Green Quantity in Three Shanghai Communities

Green quantity,as a new indicator of urban greening,is an important index of eco-efficiency quantification.In this research,167 plots from three communities in Shanghai were selected.In order to study the index of structural features that affect the green quantity of plant communities,we analyzed the correlation between the green quantity and the index of structural features of four different kinds of plant communities at local community streets,parks,residential areas and other green spaces.The results show that the diversity index of different types of plant communities at green spaces is relatively low,that species are not very diverse but highly mutable,and that the diversity of different levels of the arbors,shrubs and grasses shows no obvious regularity.We found extremely obvious positive correlation between the green quantity at green spaces on community streets and the average crown width of arbors,between the green quantity at green spaces in community parks and the average breast width,average height and average crown width of arbors,between the green quantity at green spaces in residential areas and the average breast width and average height of arbors.There is obviously positive correlation between the green quantity at green spaces in residential areas and the average crown width of arbors and average height of shrubs and grasses.The green quantity at other community green spaces has an extremely obvious positive correlation with the average height and average crown width of arbors,and it has an obvious positive correlation with the average breast width of arbors and average height of shrubs and grasses.Such results provide solid theoretical basis to enhance the green quantity of different kinds of green-space plant communities.