上农香糯千斤栽培技术初报(Ⅱ)——上农香糯栽培的生物学基础

上农香糯的生物学特性既遵循栽培稻(Oryza sativa L.)的一般规律,又有自己的特点。上农香糯是一种中熟晚粳糯稻,但早播早熟、迟播迟熟现象比较明显。它具有良好的萌动发芽、幼苗生长习性,有利培育壮秧。它分蘖成穗率较高、穗大粒多、着粒较密。其一生总叶龄数约为15～18张,随生育期变化而不同,平均出叶间隔时期正常,但后期各叶出生较快。叶面积和叶片宽度大致随叶龄而增大,以剑叶为最大;叶片长度则以倒三、四叶最长。伸长节间为5～6个,作单季晚稻栽培时,幼穗分化与节间伸长也同时进行,分蘖与穗分化两者相互衔接。其株高适当、株型紧凑、基部节间短粗,这是该品种耐肥抗倒的内在原因。上农香糯幼穗分化过程及其与叶龄的对应关系与常规水稻大同小异。然而,从分化始期至抽穗不过30天,各阶段历期长短也有其本身的特点。

BIOLOGICAL BASE OF THE CULTIVATING OF SHANG NONG FRAGRANT GLUTINOUS RICE

The biological charaterization of Shang Nong Fragrant Glutinous Rice adheres to the general rule of cultivated rice(Oryza,sativa L.),but,also has its own traits. Shang Nong Fragrant Glutinous Rice is early maturity and late Keng.It has quite obvious phenomenon that early sowing,early maturity and late sowing, late maturity.It has good traits of germination and seedling growing,which facilitates producing strong seedlings.It has high efficient p(?)nicle rate,large panicles with many grains arid high density of seed setting.Its total number of leaves in all its life is 15 to 18,but changing with the changing of growth stage.The average interval days between two leaves appearing are,generally, same.But at the late stage,every leaves apepars relatively quickly.The area and width of leaf increases with the raising of leaf age.The flag leaf is the largest one.The longest leaf is 3th or 4th leaf mumbered from the flag leaf.Its length can extend 5-6 node.When cultivated as late rice of single season,young panicle differentiation and internode extension carry out at the same time.There is joint relation between tillage and panicle differentiation Shang Nong Fragrant Glutinous Rice has suitable plant hight,compact plant shape,wide and short internode at the base part,all which are the internal factors for fertilizer tolerance. There is little difference of corresponding relation of the process of young panicle differentiation to leaf age between Shang Nong Fragrant Gluitnous Rice and conventional varieties.It is only less than 30 days from initial stage of differentiation to heading stage.Various stages have their own characteristic.