氮素与密度处理对水稻精量穴直播群体特征及产量结构的影响

研究和分析了不同施氮量和密度水平对精量穴直播杂交粳稻"花优14"的群体特征及产量结构的影响。结果表明,氮肥处理对水稻生育期、叶绿素相对含量、叶面积指数、群体干物重、穗粒结构以及产量有明显影响,以300kg/hm2纯氮量处理,其理论产量和实际产量达到最高,分别为12.93t/hm2和11.59t/hm2;密度试验中,水稻后期叶绿素相对含量以28.65万穴/hm2的处理DHJ14与KZH14较高,叶面积指数以密度为40.50万穴/hm2的处理DHJ10与KZH10较高。干物质积累量在苗期、分蘖盛期、拔节期、齐穗期、成熟期均以密度为28.65万穴/hm2的处理DHJ14最高;在实际产量上,以密度为28.65万穴/hm2的处理DHJ14最高,为10.07t/hm2,其次是密度为22.20万穴/hm2的处理DHJ18为9.99t/hm2;以穴直播密度为28.65万穴/hm2(行株距25cm×14cm)施氮量在225~300kg/hm2范围内杂交粳稻"花优14"较易获得高产。

Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Density on Population Characteristics and Yield Components of Precision Rice Hill Direct Seeding

To investigate the effects of different nitrogen fertilizer and density on population characteristics and yield components of precision rice hill-direct-seeding,the new hybrid japonica rice combination ＂Huayou 14＂ with high-yield and good-quality was used as the experimental subject.The results showed that different nitrogen fertilizers had significant effects on rice growth duration,chlorophyll relative content,leaf area index,the dry matter weight of population,the panicle and grain structure and yield,compared with control （N0）.The theoretical and actual yield of the rice treated with 300 kg/hm2 of nitrogen was up to 12.93 t/hm2 and 11.59 t/hm2,respectively.The density experimental result showed that the chlorophyll relative content of the rice at 28.65 million hills per hectare （DHJ14 and KZH14） was higher.The leaf area index of the rice at 40.50 million hills per hectare （DHJ10 and KZH10） was higher.When the density was 28.65 million hills per hectare （DHJ14）,the dry matter accumulation weight of the rice during seedling,elongation,heading and maturity,and the actual yield were highest with 10.07 t/hm2,followed by the density of 22.20 million hills per hectare （DHJ18） with a yield of 9.99 t/hm2.The optimized process making the rice get higher yield are with a density of 28.65 million hills per hectare（row plating distance 25 cm× 14 cm） and application of 225～300 kg/hm2 nitrogen fertilizer.