河西走廊东部地面温度的变化特征及影响因子分析

利用河西走廊东部4个气象站近50 a地面0 cm温度及年气温、蒸发、降水、相对湿度和风速等观测资料，运用线性趋势系数法系统分析了河西走廊东部近50 a地面温度的空间分布、时间变化趋势及极值变化等特征，采用多元线性回归中的标准化回归系数分析了影响地面温度的气象因子。结果表明：受天气系统、地形地貌以及海拔高度等影响，河西走廊东部地面温度低海拔平原区大于高海拔山区。各地年、年代地面温度呈很显著上升趋势，年地面温度的时间序列存在着6～9 a的准周期变化；月地面温度变化比较一致；各地各季节地面温度也呈上升趋势，春、夏季上升率大于秋、冬季；各地年极端最高和最低地面温度也均呈上升趋势，极端最低地面温度的上升率大于极端最高地面温度的上升率，因此冬季增温对年地面温度升高贡献大于夏季。河西走廊东部地面温度的主要影响因子是最低气温和平均气温，其次是降水、平均风速和相对湿度，最高气温的影响较弱，蒸发的影响最弱。地面温度与平均、最高、最低气温呈正相关，与降水、相对湿度以及平均风速呈负相关，与蒸发无相关性。影响各地地面温度的主要因子有所不同。

Analysis of change characteristic and influence factors on ground temperature in Hexi corridor eastern

Using the observation data of ground surface temperature, annual temperature, evaporation, precipitation, relative humidity and wind speed etc in four meteorological stations of eastern Hexi corridor in recent 50 years, systematically analyzed the meteorological factors that influenced the ground surface temperature by the standardized regressive coefficient in multi-linear regression. The result showed that: Ground surface temperature in low altitude plain areas is bigger than in high altitude mountain areas in eastern Hexi corridor, because of impact by the weather system, landform and altitude. Ground temperature of year and age assume very significant increasing trend in every region. Time series of ground temperature have six to nine years quasi-periodic variation. Variation trend of ground temperature in each season also assume increasing trend, rising rates in spring and summer are greater than in autumn and winter. Monthly variation of ground temperature is more consistent. Annual extreme highest and lowest ground temperature also assume increasing trend, ri sing rates of lowest ground temperature is bigger than of extreme highest ground temperature, so contributes to annual ground temperature increasing in winter is bigger than in summer. Main influencing factors of annual ground temperature are minimum temperature and mean temperature, the second are precipitation, average wind speed and relative humidity, effect of maximum temperature is weaker and effect of evaporation is the weakest in Hexi corridor eastern. Ground temperature is positively correlated with average temperature, maximum temperature and minimum temperature. Ground temperature is negatively correlated with precipitation, relative humidity and average wind speed. Ground temperature is no correlation with evaporation. Main influence factors of ground temperature are different in every region.