种草对桃园土壤物理性状、果树生长及果实品质的影响

通过在桃园中种植不同品种的牧草,研究不同牧草对果园土壤物理性质、果树生长以及果实品质的影响,为桃园生态种植提供理论依据和技术指导。结果表明,在盛夏季高温季节,种植牧草使0~5 cm土层温度降低8.0~12.3℃,0~10 cm土层土壤含水量提高0.83%~20.62%,土壤容重显著降低（P〈0.05）;同时提高了果实可溶性糖含量,但果实可溶性蛋白含量有所降低。种植紫花苜蓿明显促进了桃树新枝生长,而种植菊苣对桃树新枝生长有一定的抑制作用。结果表明,桃园生草有显著改善土壤物理性状,提高桃树生长和果实品质的作用,但改良效果和作用程度在不同牧草品种之间存在较大差异。

Effect of Planting Grass in Peach Orchard on Soil Physical Properties,Tree Growth and Peach Quality

The effects of planting grasses on soil physical properties、tree growth and peach quality were studied in peach orchard,and the purpose was to provide theoretical basis and technical guidance for the peach planting with an ecological way.The results showed that planting grasses in peach orchard significantly reduced the soil temperature by 8.0~12.3 ℃ in the soil with the depth of 0~5 cm in hot summer,increased the water content by 0.83%~20.62% in the soil with the depth of 0~10 cm,and reduced the soil bulk density（P0.05） in the soil with the depth of 0~10 cm.Meanwhile planting grasses also increased content of soluble sugar in peach,but decreased soluble protein content of peach.Planting alfalfa in peach orchard significantly increased the growth of new branches,while the growth of new branches was inhibited by planting chicory.The results indicated that planting grasses in peach orchard could significantly ameliorate the soil physical properties,increase the growth of peach tree and peach quality,but the improved effect was dependent on different grasses.