不同天气背景下春季大棚小气候变化分析

本文对佳木斯地区塑料大棚的内外小气候进行了分析研究,结果表明:在三种典型天气下,晴天中午大棚内外最高气温差异达20.8℃,棚内最高气温为36.5℃,超过作物生长发育的最适宜温度范围;雨夹雪天内外温差最小,最高温度差异6.4℃。夜间大棚内外最低气温差异在0.65℃～1.75℃之间,其中,晴天和多云天傍晚(18:00～20:00)棚内温度低于棚外。三种典型天气下大棚内均维持较高的湿度(80%～99%),远高于棚外的湿度(50%～80%)。大棚内的光强随着外界光强的增加而增加,雨夹雪天气的透光率最高可达74%,晴天最小为69%。

Analysis on Microclimate Variation of Plastic Greenhouse in Spring under Different Conditions of Meteorology

The microclimate inside and outside of the plastic greenhouse under three typical weather was analyzed in this paper. The results showed that the maximum temperature difference was 20.8℃ between outside and inside the greenhouse an noon in clear day, the maximum temperature was 36.5℃ inside the greenhouse, which exceeding the optimum temperature limits of crop growth. The temperature difference was least in sleet day, which was 6.4℃.The minimum temperature difference was between 0.65℃～1.75℃ at night, and the temperature inside was lower than outside in the evening (18:00pro to 20:00pro) in clear day and cloudy day. In the three typical weather, the air humidity in the awning (80%～99%) was more higher than outside (50%～80%). Meanwhile the light intensity inside was increased with outside, the maximum transmittance can attain 74% in sleet day, and minimum transmittance can attain 69% in clear day.