中国化肥施用与粮食生产的进程、前景与布局

根据试验研究资料与调查结果，对中国粮食生产与化肥施用进行了时空宏观分析。结果表明，化肥施用量是２０ 世纪中国粮食生产重大成就之一，化肥对粮食产量的贡献率平均为４６．４３％ ，每吨化肥科学施用可增产粮食８．８４ｔ。２１ 世纪中国粮食产量与化肥施量将持续增长。粮食每增产１００×１０６ｔ，则化肥最少需增施１０．２２～１１．０８×１０６ｔ。为实现粮食持续发展与化肥高效施用，必须实施发展东部平原带，提高中部高原带，开发西部高寒荒漠带的战略布局。各带都应大力发展优质粮食与特用粮食生产，以提高国产粮食的市场占有率。

Progressive Process, Prospects and Distribution of Fertilizer Use and Grain Production in China

Chinese grain production and fertilizer use were temporally and spatially analyzed in terms of the experimental data and the results of investigation. It has been realized that the fertilizer use is one of the great achievements in grain production in China in the 20th century. The average rate of contribution of fertilizer use to grain production is 46.43 per cent. Using one ton of fertilizer can increase 8.84 tons of grain. The output of grain and the amount of fertilizer use will continuously rise in China in the 21st century. It is estimated that the increase of 100 million tons of grain output will at least need the increase in use of 10.2211.08 million tons of fertilizer. It is necessary to carry out the strategic distribution of continuously developing the eastern plain, increasingly developing the central plateau and exploiting the western frigid plateau and desert region in order to realize the sustainable development of grain and the high efficiency of fertilizer use. The production of grain with high quality and special use should be strengthened in each region mentioned in the above framework for purpose of raising the share rate of the domestic grain in the market.