新疆渭-库绿洲棉花种植面积遥感监测研究

渭干河-库车河三角洲绿洲是新疆的棉花主要生产区域之一,准确掌握该区种棉面积及空间分布情况,对新疆棉田的优化布局和棉花产业的可持续发展具有重要意义。本文利用TM遥感影像及野外调查数据,建立研究区典型地物类型解译标志,通过遥感分类确定了渭-库绿洲种棉区域范围。结果显示,研究区棉花主要集中分布于西南和南边沿塔里木河北边的新开垦地,零星分部于中部和北部。遥感监测得到的研究区棉花总面积为155210 hm2,2011年统计面积为147493 hm2,棉花面积信息提取总精度为94.77%;库车县、沙雅县、新和县的棉花面积遥感提取精度分别为92.16%、97.83%和93.19%。研究表明,利用TM遥感影像并结合野外调查是区域尺度快速提取棉花种植面积信息的有效手段。

Remote Sensing of Cotton Plantation Areas Monitoring in Delta Oasis of Ugan-Kucha River, Xinjiang

The delta oasis of Ugan-Kuqa River is one of the main cotton production zones in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. Accurately monitoring and assessment of the area and spatial distribution of cotton plantation is of great importance to the optimization and sustainable development of cotton industry in Xinjiang. In this paper, the cotton plantation area was extracted and assessed with the combination of Landsat TM image and in situ surveyed data. The results showed that the most of cotton plantation ware distributed on the southwest and south of the newly reclaimed land along with Tarim River, while only part of cotton plantation was distributed sporadically in the north of Tarim River. The remotely sensed area of cotton plantation was 155210 hm2, which was close to the statistical data (147493 hm2). Overall accuracy for remote sensing crop plantation was 94.77%, and the specific accuracy of Kuqa, Shaya, and Xinha was 92.16%, 97.83%, and 93.19%, respectively. Our study indicates that remote sensing is an effective method for cotton plantation area estimation with the in situ surveyed data at regional scale.