2000-2010年南方丘陵山地带土地覆被及景观格局变化特征

《全国主体功能区域》和“十二·五”规划确定“两屏三带”为主体的生态安全战略格局。本文以 “两屏三带”中发挥华南和西南生态安全屏障的南方丘陵山地带为研究对象,以2000、2005和2010年三期土地覆被为主要数据源,采用转移矩阵和景观格局指数方法,对其土地覆被及景观格局变化特征进行了分析。结果表明:(1)十年来南方丘陵山地带的土地覆被景观类型以林地、耕地为主,分别占南方丘陵山地带总面积的75%和20%；(2)土地覆被变化主要是林地和耕地互相转换,人类在开采自然资源的同时实施了退耕还林、封山育林等生态工程；(3)自然景观斑块数量下降,形状更规则更简单,景观多样性指数上升,优势度稍稍下降,均匀度上升,景观异质性降低,景观格局趋于稳定,生态保护效果明显。

The Characteristics of the Changes of the Land Cover and Landscape Pattern in Southern Hillside during 2000-2010OUYANG Bei-si1,2,4, ZHANG Ming-yang 1,4, WANG Ke-lin1,4, ZOU Dong-sheng2, ZHANG Hai-bo1,3,4

The National Principal Function Regionalization and The 12th Five-Year Plan has set an strategic landscape of ecological security based on Two Barriers And Three Belts. Taking the land cover map data in 2000,5and 2010as main data source, this paper analyzes the characteristics of the changes of the land cover and landscape pattern in Southern Hillside during 2000-2010. The hillside secures the ecological environment in southern and southwest China. Transfer matrix and landscape pattern indexing are used for the analysis. The results shows that:(1) The main types of the land cover in southern hillside area were woodland and cultivated land in 2000-2010, accounting for 75% and 20% separately. (2) The transformation between woodland and cultivated land was the main type of the changes. The ecological protection projects e.g., 'concede the land to forestry' and 'set apart hills for forestry', that have been undertaken with agriculture economic activates, worked. (3) The patches in landscape declines in its number and are forming simpler patterns. Landscape pattern index and uniformity increases with mild setback in advantages. Landscape heterogeneity reduced and landscape is tending towards stability. The effects of ecological protection are obvious.