六盘山特困片区村域空间贫困调查与分析——以宁夏西吉县为例

基于贫困农户的调研数据,采用贫困发生率、贫困缺口率、SPG指数、贫困承受等指数对样本村的贫困广度、深度及强度进行实证分析。研究发现:1)各地形区和各民族村的恩格尔系数、贫困发生率和贫困缺口指数三者之间的动态趋同度较高。2)各地形区和各民族村的贫困承受指数和SPG指数整体呈现逐年下降趋势,贫困状况向好趋势明显。3)各贫困村的脱贫时间在逐年缩短,扶贫工作取得切实成效,而黄土丘陵沟壑区贫困村的贫困广度、深度和强度是三地貌之最,扶贫负担仍然很重。村域扶贫对象的精准识别必须确保前期问卷设计的多维性,注重扶贫政策制定的均衡性、特殊性和资源分配的区域性,并要加强后期的技术动态监测与创新管理。

Investigation and analysis of villages in extreme spatial poverty in Liupan Mountain contiguous areas: A case study of Xiji, Ningxia Province

Based on the field survey data in Xiji, Ningxia Province of the poverty rate, the poverty gap ratio, the SPG index, and the poverty affordability index, this paper empirically analyzed the poverty situation of the sampled villages. Results show that the overall dynamic convergence degree among Engel coefficient, poverty rate and poverty gap ratio are higher in the landform areas and the ethnic villages. In addition, the poverty affordability index and the SPG index, which measures the poverty intensity, present declining trends, indicating very positive sign for poverty alleviation. Meanwhile, the poverty alleviation time of the landform areas and ethnic villages is shortening each year, implying significant achievement of poverty alleviation. However, the poverty breadth, depth and intensity of poverty villages in Loess hilly-gully region is among the highest and poverty alleviation are still a very challenging burden. Therefore to better target the villages in extreme poverty requires a well-designed multi-dimensional questionnaire, poverty relieve policies with consideration of balance, regional characteristic, regional resource endowments. It also requires a dynamic technology monitoring system and an innovative management system.