黑龙江省垦区与普通农区农业经济增长影响因素的比较分析

基于农业生产函数模型,采用岭回归方法,以黑龙江省垦区和普通农区为研究对象,定量分析了劳动力、资本、土地等生产要素投入对不同类型农区农业经济增长的影响。结果表明:(1)黑龙江垦区投入要素弹性系数均高于普通农区,科技进步速度快于普通农区,规模化、机械化、专业化的生产方式优于传统的农业生产方式。(2)劳动、资本、土地等投入要素对垦区及普通农区农业产出影响均有显著作用,垦区农业生产要素投入处于规模报酬递增阶段,普通农区处于规模报酬递减阶段。(3)科技进步对垦区与普通农区农业增长的贡献率分别为45.3%、42.5%,是区域农业经济增长的重要影响因素。垦区应发挥其科技、管理和资源优势,积极开展与周边普通农区的合作,因地制宜培育和形成合理的场县(市)合作模式;普通农区应发展适度规模经营,优化农业要素投入结构,提高农业综合生产效率,促进农业经济可持续发展。

Comparative Analysis on Influence Factors of Agricultural Economic Growth Between Reclamation Areas and Common Agricultural Areas in Heilongjiang Province

Based on the function model of agricultural production, and using the ridge regression method, this paper analyzed the influence of labor, capital, land and technology on agricultural economic growth in different types of agricultural regions. The research shows that: (1)the elastic coefficients of input elements in the reclamation areas are greater than that of the common agricultural areas, which means that the modern agricultural production mode has more advantages than the traditional production mode. (2) the input factors, such as labor, capital and land, have significant impact on both reclamation area and common agricultural area. The reclamation area is in the stage of increasing return to the input scale, which is opposite to the common agricultural area. (3) the progress of science and technology is also an important factor that affects the agricultural economic growth in both reclamation area and common agricultural area, which accounts for 45.3% and 42.5% respectively. The reclamation area should play its advantages of technology, management and resources, and participate in the cooperation actively with the common agricultural area around it, and cultivate and develop the reasonable farm- county (city) cooperation mode based on the local conditions. While the common agricultural area should develop moderate scaled management, and optimize the investment structure of agricultural factors, so as to improve the comprehensive efficiency of agricultural production and promote the sustainable development of agriculture.