耕地质量管理绩效评价及障碍因子诊断——以陕西彬州市义门镇为例

建立以绩效考核为目标的耕地质量管理评价体系,进行耕地质量管理绩效定量评价并诊断其障碍因子对提高耕地质量管理绩效水平具有重要意义。本文从产能、环境和生态3个方面构建了针对绩效考核的耕地质量管理评价体系,以陕西彬州市义门镇为案例区,采用改进TOPSIS法和障碍因子诊断模型,分析区域耕地质量管理绩效水平,探讨耕地质量管理绩效水平的主导障碍因子。结果表明,案例区的耕地质量管理绩效包括中等与良好水平,分别占区域耕地总面积的88.54%和11.46%。产能绩效水平空间分布不均,耕作条件绩效水平整体处于中等水平,土壤质量绩效水平良好,环境绩效整体中等,大部分耕地生态绩效处于良好水平。影响耕地质量管理绩效的障碍度由高到低是产能绩效、环境绩效、生态绩效;二级指标中最大的障碍因子是土壤有机质,土壤重金属次之。按照构建的耕地质量管理评价体系进行的绩效评价结果能够客观地反映耕地质量管理水平,满足考核目的,具有很强的针对性。

The performance evaluation of farmland quality management and the diagnosis of obstacles: A case study of Yimen Town, Binzhou City, Shaanxi Province

Building an evaluation system for farmland quality management (FQM) based on performance appraisal, quantitatively evaluating the FQM performance, and diagnosing its obstacles are of a great significance for improving the FQM performance level. This paper constructed an FQM evaluation system for performance appraisal from three aspects: productivity, environment and ecology. Taking Yimen Town, Binzhou City, Shaanxi Province as an example, this paper evaluated the regional FQM performance level and identified some obstacles to the performance level by the improved TOPSIS method and the obstacle factor diagnosis model. Results show that: 1) the performance of FQM in the study area includes medium and good levels, accounting for 88.54% and 11.46% of the total farmland area in the region respectively. The spatial distribution of productivity performance level is uneven and the overall farming condition performance level is at the medium level; 2) the soil quality performance level is good, the overall environmental performance is moderate; and 3) the ecological performance of most farmland is at the good level. In addition, this research also found that main obstacles to the FQM performance imposed significant impacts on productivity performance, environmental performance, and ecological performance in the decreasing order. These obstacles, in the descending order of their influence degrees, include soil organic matter and soil heavy metals. The evaluation results of the FQM evaluation system can objectively reflect the FQM level and have a strong pertinence while satisfying the purpose of performance assessment.