农业产业集群概念辨析、演化特点与发展对策

农业产业集群是现代农业发展的一种重要形态,对于当前我国农业转型发展和效率提升具有重要意义。本文对农业产业集群的含义、模式及其形成阶段、演化特点和制约因素进行了分析研究,揭示了农业产业集群所经历的孕育与形成、成长与发展以及成熟与稳定三个演化阶段。指出农业产业集群演化、发展既与农业的自然属性和经济属性有关,又与农业技术进步和制度创新以及农业的比较优势和发展阶段有关。同时,对农业产业集群发展中存在的区域农业布局不合理、新型农业营运体系不完善以及土地制度和金融制度不匹配等问题进行了分析,在此基础上,提出了推进我国农业产业集群发展的基本思路与对策,即:加大现代农业产业集群支持力度;建立现代农业产业集群营运体系;加快现代农业产业集群主体培育;加强现代农业产业集群发展研究。

Concept analysis, evolution characteristics and development strategies of agricultural industrial clusters

Agricultural industrial cluster is an important form of the modern agriculture, and it is critical to the transitional development and agricultural productivity in China. This paper analyzed the concepts, patterns, evolutional characteristics and influencing factors of agricultural industrial clusters. Results show that agricultural industrial clusters went through three evolutional stages in China, including the concept introduction and formation stage, growth and development stage, and the mature and stabile stage. All these stages are related to the natural and economic attributes of agriculture and the technology progress, the system innovation, the comparative advantage and the development stage of agriculture. In addition, this paper also identified the influencing factors on the agricultural industrial clusters, including 1) unreasonable layout of regional agriculture; 2) imperfect operating system; and 3) unmatched land system and finance system. This paper also provides the following suggestions: strengthening policy support, improving operating system, providing professional trainings for participants, and enhancing the research on the development of agricultural industrial cluster in China.