智能养殖:生猪行为研究及其应用

信息技术与各行业的深度融合是当前全球信息化发展的显著特征,这些技术在生猪养殖中的引入推动了生猪智能养殖的发展。智能养殖已成为了生猪养殖未来发展的重要方向,其基础是生猪养殖产业链中信息数据的规模化动态收集。生猪养殖过程是联系产业链各个链条的中枢环节,对其智能控制是生猪养殖转型升级过程中的关键。作为生猪养殖过程中最具丰富信息的载体,生猪行为的动态监测数据,可作为生猪运动功能、健康状态和精神状态的重要评估依据。本文全面梳理了生猪行为的细化分类;分析了遗传、营养状态和日粮组成、养殖环境、养殖管理、健康状况等因素对生猪行为的影响;探讨了基于射频识别(RFID)和加速度等传感器、机器视觉、声音等生猪行为监测方式;提出了生猪行为监测技术规模化应用所面临的挑战。研究表明,生猪行为的监测将为生猪智能养殖提供又一有力数据抓手,可借此实时监控养殖过程中的生猪健康和福利状态,助推生猪养殖过程控制的智能化发展。

Intelligent breeding: The research and application of pig behavior

The future development of pig breeding is to carry out intelligent breeding models,which is based on the dynamic collection of the scale information of the pig breeding industry chain.The intelligent control of pig breeding process,which is the central link of pig industrial chain,is the short board that urgently needs to be strengthened in the transformation and upgrading of pig breeding in China.Pig behaviors are the most informative carrier in the breeding process,and it is an important evaluation basis for the sports function,health state and mental state of pigs.In this paper,the detailed classification of pig behaviors are comprehensively sorts out.The effects on pig behaviors from heredity,pig’s nutritional status,dietary composition,breeding environment,breeding management and pig’s health status were analyzed.The pig behaviors monitoring methods based on sensors,machine vision and sound are summarized.The challenge of pig behaviors monitoring technology development is also pointed out.The monitoring of pig behavior provides another powerful data grasp for intelligent pig breeding,which can be used to real-time monitor the health andwelfare status of pigs in the breeding process and will promote the development of pig breeding process intelligent control.