嘉兴市土地利用时空变化与生态服务价值评估

土地生态系统服务功能是维持人类赖以生存的自然环境条件与效用,但长期以来没有被人们充分认识,大多仅关注环境与资源可实现的经济价值,很少关注其潜在的社会与环境价值。基于嘉兴市2010—2015年土地利用变化和生态系统服务价值评估理论,定量分析了嘉兴市近5年土地利用及其生态系统服务价值的时空动态变化规律,并利用多目标决策方法,对嘉兴市土地利用结构进行了优化。结果表明:随着嘉兴市城市化进程的加速,建设用地不断扩展,园地、草地和林地面积趋于减少,而耕地和水域面积趋于增加,使得嘉兴市土地生态系统服务价值近5年来增长9 515万元。从空间分布来看,嘉兴市7个辖区的土地利用结构及其生态服务价值存在明显的空间差异,从市区到远郊区,土地生态系统服务功能结构信息熵和有序性均呈现逐渐减小的趋势。通过对嘉兴市2020年土地利用结构及其生态服务价值的预测表明,到2020年嘉兴市土地生态服务价值将比2015年增长约12%,土地利用结构优化可以促使嘉兴市土地利用效率及土地生态服务价值得到显著的提升。

Spatial and temporal variations of land use and ecological service values in Jiaxing

Land ecosystem service function is critical for human existence, however it has not been fully recognized. This study examined land use changes in Jiaxing between 2010 and 2015. This study further assessed ecosystem service value in Jiaxing during the same time period. Spatial-temporal dynamics of land use and ecosystem service value in Jiaxing in recent 5 years was analyzed as well. The land use structure of Jiaxing was optimized using multi-objective decision method. The results show that areas of orchard, grassland and woodland area had decreased and the areas of cropland and water had increased. At the same time, the land ecosystem service value had increased 95.15 million yuan from 2010 to 2015 in Jiaxing. There were significant spatial differences in land use the structure and value of ecosystem services between 7 districts of Jiaxing City. The value structure order of land ecological service has a gradually decreasing trend from the city area to the suburbs. The reasonable optimization of land use structure will improve the land use efficiency and land ecosystem service value in Jiaxing City in the future.