干热河谷区土地利用与生态系统服务价值——以云南省元谋县为例

基于RS和GIS理论和方法,以干热河谷区云南省元谋县为例,对2008年和2016的Landsat遥感影像进行解译,分析土地利用格局演变特征,评估区域生态系统服务静态价值和动态价值,探讨生态系统服务价值变化原因。结果表明:耕地、林地和建设用地面积增长,草地、未利用地和水域面积下降。建设用地转入特征和未利用地转出特征较为明显。2008年和2016年区域生态系统服务总静态价值分别为25.98亿元和26.54亿元,总动态价值分别为9.179亿元和16.004亿元。虽然生态系统服务总动态价值仅为同期总静态价值的35.40%和60.30%,但其增长率为74.01%,明显高于总静态价值变化率(2.27%)。土壤形成与保护的单项生态系统服务静态价值最高,2008年和2016年其值分别为4.91亿元和5.03亿元。农业经济发展、城市扩张和人口增长导致耕地、建设用地的扩张和未利用地的减少,水土保持和生态综合治理促进了林地面积的恢复。支付能力和支付意愿的显著提升极大地促进了生态系统服务总动态价值的增长。因此,应强化区域土地利用的空间调控,继续实施水土保持和退耕还林还草等生态治理工作,以维护干热河谷区生态系统功能,实现区域可持续发展。

Land use and ecosystem services value in the dry?hot valley region: A case study in Yuanmou County, Yunnan Province

This study applied Landsat images of 2008 and 2016 to study land use pattern in the dry?hot valley region (Yuanmou, Yunnan). Land use information was visually interpreted from the images. We further assessed the static and dynamic values of regional ecosystem services, and analyzed impacting factors for the changes of ecosystem services. Results showed that the area of cropland, forested land and built-up had increased, and the area of grassland, unutilized land and water area had decreased. In 2008 and 2016, the total static values of regional ecosystem services were 2.598 and 2.654 billion Yuan respectively. The total dynamic values of regional ecosystem services were 0.918 and 1.600 billion Yuan, respectively. Although the total dynamic values of ecosystem services were accounted for only 35.40% and 60.30% of the total static values of ecosystem services respectively in the same period, the growth rate of the total dynamic value had increased by 74.01%, significantly higher than that of the total static value (2.27%). The ecosystem service values of soil formation and conservation in 2008 and 2016 were 491 and 503 million Yuan, the highest of all the individual static ecosystem services. Agricultural economic development, urban expansion and population growth caused the expansion of cropland and built-up. Soil conservation and integrated ecological management had contributed to the area restoration of forest. Significant improvements in affordability and willingness to pay dramatically accelerated the growth of the total dynamic value of ecosystem services. Therefore, we should strengthen regulation of regional land use, and continue to implement ecological control measures such as soil conservation, Green for Green to maintain regional ecosystem function for achieving regional sustainable development in the dry?hot valley region.