精细农业推进现代农业发展:机理分析和现实依据

精细农业是一种现代化农业理念,也是现代农业的重要板块和有效推手。新时期需要发挥精细农业的功能和作用,推动现代农业精细化发展,实现农业提质增效。精细农业是通过提高农业中生产投入的精细化程度、生产过程的精细化程度和农业产出的精细化程度来推进现代农业发展的。但是,中国农业发展过程中,依旧存在着农业生产要素扭曲错配、现代信息技术应用不足、农村新型经营主体发育不完善、资源环境发展不平衡、农业"三本齐升"现象突出和农产品供给失衡等问题,这些问题倒逼中国加快精细农业的发展。精细农业推进现代农业发展,需要建立精细化农产品基地,建立精细农业的生产体系、产业体系和经营体系,提高农业劳动力素质和培育"三农"工作队伍,加快科技兴农、质量兴农和绿色兴农步伐。

Precision agriculture promoting the development of modern agriculture: Theoretical mechanism and practical evidence

Precision agriculture is a modern agricultural concept and it is also an important component of and a driving force for modern agriculture. Precision agriculture promotes the development of modern agriculture by improving the refined degree of production input, process and output. Therefore precision agriculture should play a critical role in the development of modern agriculture in China. However, during the development of modern agriculture, there still exist some challenges, such as the distortion and mismatch of production factors in agriculture, the inadequate modern science and technology, the flawed development of the new management subject in rural area, unbalanced development of resource and environment, rising costs of labor, land, and input, and distorted crop structure. These problems forced China to speed up the development of precision agriculture. To promote the development of precision agriculture, this paper suggests: to create some refined agricultural product bases, to establish refined precision production, logistic, and marketing system, to provide more professional training for farmers to create educated rural labor force, and to speed up the development pace of agriculture through science and technology, product quality, and green operations.