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旱地玉米全膜双垄沟播技术的水分高效利用机理研究
引用本文:杨祁峰,刘广才,熊春蓉,张成荣,朱永永.旱地玉米全膜双垄沟播技术的水分高效利用机理研究[J].农业现代化研究,2010,31(1):113-117.
作者姓名:杨祁峰  刘广才  熊春蓉  张成荣  朱永永
作者单位:1. 甘肃省农业技术推广总站,甘肃,兰州,730020
2. 榆中县农业技术推广中心,甘肃,榆中,730100
基金项目:甘肃省旱作农业项目“旱地全膜双垄沟播技术示范推广”(甘农牧农[2007]64号)
摘    要:采用田间小区试验研究了旱地玉米全膜双垄沟播技术不同覆膜模式的水分高效利用机理。结果表明,玉米播前至拔节期,秋季全膜双垄、顶凌全膜双垄和播前全膜双垄0-20cm土壤含水量较传统播前半膜平铺分别提高5.5-5.8%、4.5-4.7%和0-3.2%,1m土壤贮水量较播前半膜平铺分别增加48.4-51.7mm、36.4-38.8mm和0-25.6mm,正是由于秋季全膜双垄和顶凌全膜双垄前期较高的土壤含水量,从而有效解决了玉米4-5月份因春旱无法播种、出苗的瓶颈。全膜双垄沟播技术大幅度提高了农田降水利用率和玉米水分利用效率,使降水利用率最高达到76.8%、平均达到70.2%,使玉米水分利用效率最高达到37.25kg/mm·hm2、平均达到32.10kg/mm·hm2,在旱作农田降水高效利用方面取得了重大突破。全膜双垄沟播技术平均增产率为42.6%、平均增产量为2699.6kg/hm2。其中,秋季全膜双垄、顶凌全膜双垄和播前全膜双垄平均增产率分别为48.2%、45.0%、34.5%,平均增产量分别为3057.8kg/hm2、2852.9kg/hm2、2187.9kg/hm2。

关 键 词:旱作玉米  全膜覆盖  双垄面集雨  沟播  水分高效利用机理  

Study on Highly Efficient Water Utilizing Mechanisms on Techniques of Whole Plastic-film Mulching on Double Ridges and Planting in Catchment Furrows of Dry-land Maize
YANG Qi-feng,LIU Guang-cai,XIONG Chun-rong,ZHANG Cheng-rong and ZHU Yong-yong.Study on Highly Efficient Water Utilizing Mechanisms on Techniques of Whole Plastic-film Mulching on Double Ridges and Planting in Catchment Furrows of Dry-land Maize[J].Research of Agricultural Modernization,2010,31(1):113-117.
Authors:YANG Qi-feng  LIU Guang-cai  XIONG Chun-rong  ZHANG Cheng-rong and ZHU Yong-yong
Institution:1.Gansu Agro-technology Extension Station/a>;Lanzhou/a>;Gansu 730020/a>;China/a>;2.Yuzhong Agro-technical Extension Center/a>;Yuzhong/a>;Gansu 730100/a>;China
Abstract:Field plot experiments were employed to study highly efficient water utilizing mechanisms on the techniques of whole plastic-film mulching on double ridges and planting in catchment furrows of dry-land corn under different film mulching modes.The results showed that compared with the conventional film mulching cultivation(half flat mulching before sowing),autumn double ridges whole mulching,early spring double ridges whole mulching and sowing double ridges whole mulching increased water content of 0-20cm so...
Keywords:dry land maize  whole plastic-film mulching  double ridges rainwater harvesting  planting in catchment furrows  highly efficient water utilizing mechanisms  
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