河南省农业水资源脆弱性时空特征及障碍度诊断

从自然脆弱性、人为脆弱性和承载力脆弱性3个层面构建农业水资源脆弱性评价体系,运用熵值法和线性加权综合法测算了2001—2016年河南省农业水资源脆弱性,并利用障碍度模型分析了影响脆弱性的主要障碍因子。结果表明:2001—2016年河南省郑州等9市农业水资源脆弱性呈减小态势,开封等9市呈增大态势,脆弱性增速差异显著;脆弱性演变趋势可分为先升后降、先降后升、波动上升和波动下降4种类型;河南省农业水资源脆弱性空间分布集聚特征明显,脆弱度排序为豫北豫东豫南豫中豫西;河南省农业水资源脆弱性主要受到人为脆弱性和承载力脆弱性的影响,且主要障碍因子存在差异。因此,应积极加强对水资源系统人为干预,通过加大农业资金投入、优化农田水利建设水平、提高农业用水效率等,以实现河南省农业生产与水资源利用协调发展。

The spatial-temporal patterns of vulnerability analysis and the obstacle diagnosis of agricultural water resource in Henan Province

From the perspectives of nature, human, and carrying capacity and applying the entropy and linear weighted comprehensive methods, this paper constructed an evaluation system to assess the vulnerability of agricultural water resource in Henan Province from 2001 to 2016. In addition, this paper also examined the main obstacles affecting the vulnerability. Results show that the vulnerability of agricultural water resource in 9 cities in Henan Province decreased from 2001 to 2016, while it increased in the other 9 cities; and the vulnerability growth rate varied significantly. The evolution trend of vulnerability could be divided into four types: increasing first and then decreasing, decreasing first and then increasing, increasing with some fluctuations, and decreasing with some fluctuations. The vulnerability of agricultural water resource in Henan Province illustrated a concentrating characteristic in its spatial distribution with the decreasing order as follows: Northern Henan, Eastern Henan, Southern Henan, Central Henan, and Western Henan. The vulnerability of agricultural water resource in municipalities was mainly affected by human and carrying capacity, and the main obstacle factors were different. In order to achieve the coordinated development of agricultural production and water resource utilization in Henan Province, this paper suggests that human intervention in water resource system should be positively strengthened by increasing investment in agricultural funds, improving the level of farmland water conservancy construction, and promoting agricultural water use efficiency.