生物吸附及微生物降解对4-溴联苯醚污染水体的修复

多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)作为阻燃剂被广泛使用。因为它对人类的器官、神经系统和免疫系统的危害以及向周边环境的不断迁移，已经逐渐成为人们迫切需要处理的污染物之一。以同系物4-溴联苯醚(BDE-3)作为降解对象，将海藻酸钠和生物碳混合制成微球制剂，对该制剂吸附BDE-3的潜力、机制及添加降解菌Sphingomonas sp. DZ3后微球菌剂的吸附增益效应进行研究。结果表明:2%的海藻酸钠为微球制备的最佳质量浓度，该微球制剂在液相中的吸附过程符合Lagergren准一级动力学方程和Elovich方程，微球的最大吸附量为28.6 mg·g-1。用添加微生物的微球菌剂对BDE-3污染水体进行修复时发现，微球菌剂在溶液中能加速BDE-3的降解，与游离的微生物相比，差异达极显著水平(P<0.01)。利用Monod降解动力学方程对该降解过程进行拟合，得到降解动力学方程为υ=υ_max·S/(K_S+S)=14.29·S/(31.71+S)。

Bioremediation of 4-bromine biphenyl ether polluted water using biosorption and microbial degradation

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), widely used as fire retardants, can migrate to the surrounding environment. To prevent damage to human organs, nervous system, and immune system a method was devised to remove this dangerous pollutant from the environment. In this research, microspheres were successfully made by mixing different concentrations of sodium alginate and biochar to degrade PBDEs. Then using 4-bromine biphenyl ether (BDE-3) as a homologous compound of PBDEs, the microspheres' potential for adsorption of BDE-3 was studied. The degradation effect was also explored with a newly produced microsphere-microbe complex, which was made by adding a degrading strain of Sphingomonas sp. DZ3. Results showed that 2% sodium alginate was the optimum prepared concentration. The microsphere adsorption process for BDE-3 in liquid was in accord with the Lagergren pseudo-first-order kinetic model and Elovich equation. The maximum biosorption capacity was 28.6 mg·g-1. Also, compared to free microbes, in BDE-3-polluted water the microsphere-microbe complex significantly increased the BDE-3 removal rate (P<0.01 by SPSS analysis). Degradation data from the microsphere-microbe complex were fitted with the Monod Model yielding the degradation dynamics equation of ν= ν_max·S/(_Ks + _S)= 14.29·_S/(31.71 + _S). The results provide a theoretical basis for the actual development and utilization of microsphere agent in treatment of PBDEs-polluted water