浙江省国家重点保护野生植物的多样性及濒危现状

  目的  掌握浙江省国家重点保护野生植物(2021年公布的《国家重点保护野生植物名录》)的多样性及现状，评估各种的濒危等级，为制定科学保护策略提供依据。  方法  基于2013—2018年浙江省第2次全国重点保护野生植物资源调查、《浙江植物志(新编)》编研以及近年来其他相关资料，参考世界自然保护联盟(IUCN)、《中国生物多样性红色名录——高等植物卷》等资料的评估结果，对这些植物的现状与濒危等级进行评估与分析。  结果  ①目前，浙江分布有116种国家重点保护野生植物。与1999年版保护名录相比，增加了3种国家一级保护植物，61种国家二级保护植物，降级了3种，解除保护4种。②濒危等级可以分为5个等级，极危等级19种，占16.38%；濒危等级36种，占31.03%；易危等级30种，占25.86%；近危等级17种，占14.66 %；无危等级12种，占10.34%；数据缺乏2种，占1.73%。③受威胁等级(极危、濒危和易危)的共有85种，占73.28%，受威胁程度较高。  结论  浙江省拥有丰富的国家重点保护野生植物，有近70种得到了不同程度的研究，取得较好的保护成效。建议:①保护原有生境，防止过度干扰，充分发挥自然保护区和其他各类自然保护地的就地保护作用；②加强科学研究，改进野外调查方法，完善物种生境信息，重视物种遗传多样性；③多学科合作，建立健全保护网络，形成完备繁殖体系。表2参35

Diversity and endangered status of Chinese key protected wild plants in Zhejiang Province

  Objective  This study, with an investigation of the diversity and endangered status of Chinese key protected wild plants (published in 2021) in Zhejiang Province and an evaluation of their respective endangerment categories, is aimed to provide reference for the design of scientific protection strategies in Zhejiang Province.   Method  On the basis of the second survey of protected wild plant resources in Zhejiang from 2013 to 2018, Flora of Zhejiang (New Edition) and other related investigations in recent years, an exploration was made of the species diversity along with an assessment of the endangered status of these threatened species in light of IUCN, China Biodiversity Red List—Higher Plants and others.   Result  (1) There are 116 Chinese key protected plants in Zhejiang and compared with the 1999 list, 3 first-class protected plants and 61 second-class protected plants were newly added, 3 species were downgraded whereas 4 species were removed. (2) They could be divided into 6 categories, among which 19 belong with the Critically Endangered (CR) species, accounting for 16.38%, 36 belong with the Endangered (EN) species, accounting for 31.03%, 30 belong with the Vulnerable (VU) species, accounting for 25.86%, 17 belong with Near Threatened species (NT) species, accounting for 14.66%, 12 belong with the Least Concern (LC) species, accounting for 10.34%, whereas 2 belong with the Data Deficiency (DD) species which accounts for 1.73%. (3) With 85 species falling into threatened species(CR, EN and VU) accounting for 73.28%, a high degree of threat was shown among the threatened plants.   Conclusion  Of the large number of Chinese key protected plants in Zhejiang Province, about 70 species have received great attention with plenty of research resources granted and favorable protection achieved and to better promote preservation of threatened species the following recommendations are made: (1) efforts should be devoted to the protection of the original habitat, the prevention of excessive interference, and the promotion of nature reserves and other types of nature reserves; (2) scientific researches should be conducted with improved field investigation methods, better collected habitat information of species with close attention paid to species genetic diversity; (3) multidisciplinary cooperation should be encouraged so as to establish and improve the protection network and form a complete breeding system. Ch, 2 tab. 35 ref.]