银杏雌花芽分化期间内源激素、碳水化合物和矿质营养的变化

为了探明银杏Ginkgo biloba雌花芽分化的生理机制,用酶联免疫等方法对银杏雌花芽分化期间内源激素、碳水化合物和矿质营养含量的变化进行了研究。结果表明,银杏雌花芽在生理分化期(花芽诱导期),花芽中赤霉素(GA1 3)和脱落酸(ABA)质量摩尔浓度下降,玉米素(ZRs)、异戊烯基腺嘌呤类(iPAs)质量摩尔浓度出现峰值,ZRs/GA1 3,ABA/GA1 3及iAPs/GA1 3的值也出现峰值。随着形态分化的开始,ZRs和iPAs的质量摩尔浓度、ZRs/GA1 3和iPAs/GA1 3的值下降,并维持较低水平。雌花芽中的ABA质量摩尔浓度、ABA/GA1 3的值在高于雌叶芽的水平上波动。银杏雌花芽分化过程中,雌花芽叶中钾和淀粉质量分数均高于同期雌叶芽叶的质量分数;而雌花芽叶全氮的质量分数基本低于同期雌叶芽叶全氮水平;在生理分化期中雌花芽叶内磷质量分数均高于叶芽叶质量分数。说明银杏雌花芽分化过程中,ABA,ZRs,iPAs及钾和银杏雌花芽的诱导及分化密切相关。图11参16

Changes of endogenous hormones,carbohydrate and mineral nutrition during the differentiation of female flower buds of Ginkgo biloba

In order to find out the physiological mechanism of female flower buds differentiation in Ginkgo biloba,the changes of endongenous hormones,carbohydrate and mineral nutritions during the differentiation of female flower buds were studied with the methods of ELISA and et al.Results showed that the contents of GA_(1 3) and ABA in female flower buds of Ginkgo biloba at the physiological differentiation stage decreased,the contents of ZRs and iPAs,the ratio of ZRs to GA_(1 3),the ratio of ABA to GA_(1 3) and the ratio of iPAs to GA_(1 3) were at peak values.At morphological differentiation stage,the contents of ZRs and iPAs,the ratio of ZRs to GA_(1 3) and the ratio of iPAs to GA_(1 3) were low,but the contents of ABA and the ratio of ABA to GA_(1 3) in flower buds were higher than those in leaf buds.The contents of K and total carbohydrate in bud leaves of female flowers were higher than those in bud leaves of female shoots during the whole period;while the content of total N in bud leaves of female flowers was lower than that of bud leaves of female shoots.The content of P in bud leaves of female flowers was higher than that in bud leaves of female shoots at physiological differentiation stage.Results indicated that the contents of ABA,ZRs,iPAs and K were associated with inducement and differentiation of female flower buds of Ginkgo biloba.