2年生三尖杉生长和2种酯碱种源变异及初步选择

为了探讨三尖杉Cephalotaxus fortunei幼龄收获阶段生长、干物质积累和药用成分等种源变异和地理模式,并为福建明溪选育出多个药用优良种源,在福建明溪、浙江淳安和安吉等3个地点开展种源区域试验。研究结果表明,2年生三尖杉树高、地径、分枝数、各器官干物质积累量以及枝、叶药用成分均存在显著的种源变异。三尖杉生长和干物质积累量的种源分化可较多地归因于长叶和短叶类型间的差异。较之于短叶类型三尖杉种源,长叶类型三尖杉种源的生长和干物质积累量大,其种源间分化也较大。除种源效应外,栽植地条件对三尖杉生长影响显著。测定结果表明,不同类型间叶片三尖杉酯碱和高三尖杉酯碱质量分数差异较小,而枝条2种酯碱质量分数差异却较大,且长叶类型枝条的2种酯碱质量分数均值高于短叶类型。相关分析发现,种源干物质积累量和枝叶2种酯碱质量分数较多地受其产地经度的控制,而与产地纬度的相关性较小。根据福建明溪点的测试结果,以枝叶三尖杉酯碱和高三尖杉酯碱产量为选育指标选择出福建武夷山、柘荣等优良药用种源。表8参14

Selecting provenances of Cephalotaxus fortunei for superior growth and content of harringtonine and homoharringtonine

To determine variation in geographic growth patterns,dry matter accumulation,and medicinal content of young Cephalotaxus fortunei trees and to select superior provenances with high yield for medicinal use in Mingxi of Fujian Province,a provenance test was set up at Mingxi,Fujian Province as well as Chun'an and Anji in Zhejiang Province.Two-year-old seedlings were chosen for random block design with three replications in February,2005,then branches and leaves were collected in September of 2006 to determine the content of harringtonine and homoharringtonine,and tree height,root collar diameter,number of branches,dry matter accumulation of each organ were measured in December of 2006.A correlation analysis was conducted.Results indicated strong differences(P<0.05) among provenances for tree height,root collar diameter,number of branches,dry matter accumulation of each organ,and content of harringtonine and homoharringtonine in branches and leaves.In addition,differences among long-leaf C.fortunei with high growth rate and dry matter accumulation was greater(P<0.05) than among short-leaf plants.Among the three sites,no differences between harringtonine and homoharringtonine content of leaves were found,whereas harringtonine was significantly greater(P<0.05) in branches.Also,longitude of the seed source was correlated to:1) dry matter accumulation(r = 0.423 3,P<0.05),as well as 2) leaf homoharringtonine(r = 0.505 1,P<0.05) and 3) branch harringtonine(r = 0.450 0,P<0.05).Overall,for the index of harringtonine and homoharringtonine yield of branches and leaves,superior medicinal provenances such as Wuyishan and Zherong in Fujian Province were selected.Ch,8 tab.14 ref.]