杭州城市公园绿地植物多样性研究

采用典型样地法,对浙江省杭州市城市公园绿地植物群落的种类组成、群落结构、物种多样性指数等进行调查统计和分析。结果表明：杭州城市公园绿地植物丰富,共记录绿化植物44科79属120种,地被灌木层的物种丰富度指数（S）,Shannon-Wiener指数（H′）和Simpson多样性指数（D）最大,其次分别是乔木层、小乔木及灌木层、草本层;Pielou均匀度指数（J）和Alatalo均匀度指数（Ea）以乔木层的最大。与自然群落相比,乔木层较丰富,草本层种类偏少,灌木层缺少更新苗。群落类型主要分3种：类型Ⅰ为乔木-草本（小乔木及灌木-草本）,类型Ⅱ为乔木-地被灌木-草本（乔木-小乔木及灌木-草本）,类型Ⅲ为乔木-小乔木灌木-地被灌木-草本,物种丰富度指数（S）,Shannon-Wiener指数（H′）,Pielou均匀度指数（J）和Alatalo均匀度指数（Ea）均为类型Ⅲ〉类型Ⅱ〉类型Ⅰ;Simpson多样性指数（D）类型Ⅲ〉类型Ⅰ〉类型Ⅱ。类型Ⅲ更接近自然群落,类型Ⅰ较差。表3参20

Plant community diversity of the city parks of Hangzhou

By typical sampling method,the species composition,the community structure and the species diversity index of plant community in the city parks of Hangzhou were analyzed and compared.The results showed that there were abundant plants species and recorded 44 families,79 genera and 120 species in the city parks of Hangzhou.In terms of species richness（S）,Shannon-Wiener diversity（H′） and Simpson diversity index（D）,ground shrub layer was the highest,followed by the arbor layer,small-arbor and shrub layer,the herb layer;in terms of the Pielou evenness index（J） and Alatalo evenness index（Ea）,arbor layer was the highest.Compared with the natural community,arbor layer had comparatively rich species,herb layer had fewer species and shrub layer had very few regeneration seedlings.There were three types of community structure.TypeⅠwas arbor-herb（small arbor and shrub-herb）;type Ⅱ was arbor-shrub-herb（arbor-small arbor and shrub-herb）;type Ⅲ was arbor-small arbor and shrub-shrub-herb.In terms of species richness（S）,Shannon-Wiener（H′）,Pielou（J） and Alatalo（Ea） index,ⅢⅡⅠ;in terms of Simpson（D） index,ⅢⅠⅡ.Type Ⅲ was more identical to the natural community;while typeⅠhad little identity to the natural community.Ch,3 tab.20 ref.]