天目山空气负离子浓度变化及其与环境因子的关系

为研究天目山国家级自然保护区空气负离子浓度变化特征及其与环境因子的关系．以天目山为研究对象：利用空气离子测量仪、微电脑激光粉尘仪和温湿度记录仪，对空气负离子、可吸入颗粒物、相对湿度和气温等环境因子进行了测量，并对空气负离子与可吸入颗粒物、相对湿度和气温进行了相关分析。结果表明：天目山空气负离子浓度有明显的日变化（8：00—17：00）和年变化特征；不同植物群落空气负离子浓度大小依次为：柳杉Cryptomeria fortunei（1331个·cm^-3）〉紫楠Phoebesheared（1223个·cm^-3）〉银杏Ginkgobiloba（960个·cm^-3）〉毛竹Phyllostachys pubescens（701个·cm^-3）：空气负离子与可吸入颗粒物之间呈极显著负相关（r=-0．812，P〈0．01），与相对湿度呈极显著正相关（r=0．820，P〈0．01），与气温呈显著负相关（r=-0．676，P〈0．05），瀑布、溪流等动态水体能明显增加空气负离子浓度。

Negative air ion concentration and environmental factors for Mount Tianmu of Zhejiang Province

To research characteristics of changes in negative air ion concentration and their relationships with environmental factors in the Mount Tianmu Nature Reserve, measurements were made with an air ion measuring instrument, a microcomputer laser dust collecting instrument, and a temperature-humidity recorder. Then, diurnal variations （08 ： 00-17：00） and annual variations were tested with a correlation analysis between negative air ions and 1） particle matter with aerodynamic diameter 〈10 μm, 2） relative humidity, and 3） air temperature. Results showed that negative air ion concentration for selected plant communities was in the following order： Cryptomeriafortunei （1 331 particle·cm^-3） 〉 Phoebe sheareri （1 223 particle·cm^-3） 〉 Ginkgo biloba （960 particle·cm^-3） 〉 Phyllostaehys pubescens （701 particle·cm^-3）. Diurnal variations of negative air ion concentration was significantly and negatively correlated with PM10（r = - 0.812, P 〈 0.01）, significantly and positively correlated with relative humidity （r = 0.820, P 〈 0.01）, and significantly and negatively correlated with air temperature （r = - 0.676, P 〈 0.05）. Therefore, dynamic water movement, such as from waterfalls and streams, could increase the negative air ion concentration.