山核桃雄蕊发育的解剖学研究

利用石蜡制片技术从显微水平上跟踪了山核桃Carya cathayensis雄蕊发育过程,以掌握山核桃的生殖发育规律。研究表明:①3月下旬在雄花原基顶部形成雄蕊原基,4月中旬形成雄蕊并进一步分化。②4月下旬,花药内形成花粉囊,花粉母细胞减数分裂形成四分体,四分体解体产生单胞花粉粒,中层和绒毡层在花粉发育过程中逐渐消失。③5月上旬形成2-胞花粉粒,花粉散出,花序凋谢。④建立了山核桃雄蕊发育外部形态与解剖构造之间的对应关系。图1表2参18

Anatomy of stamen development on Carya cathayensis

To master the development law of reproduction on Carya cathayensis,flower-bud differentiation was studied by paraffin section.The results indicates that:(1)Stamen primordia form from the apex of a male-flower primordium in the last ten days of March next year,then stamens form and further differentiate in the middle ten days of April.(2)In the last ten days of April,4pollen sacs form in a stamen,then tetrads emerge in a pollen sac for pollen mother cells meiosis.Later,tetrads are separated to4single-cell pollens.Middle layer and tapetum disappear gradually during the pollen development.(3)2-cell pollens form and escape from pollen sacs,and then,inflorescences shed in the first ten days of May.(4)Corresponding relationship is established between external forms and anatomical structure.Ch,1fig.2tab.18ref.]