密度对扬麦9号和扬麦12号产量与籽粒品质及群体品质与个体株型指标的影响

通过密度试验，初步明确弱筋小麦扬麦9号和中筋小麦扬麦12号优质高产的群体与个体品质指标，并比较密度对其的调控效应。结果表明：①弱筋小麦扬麦9号以较高密度的基本苗（240万/hm）可建立合理的优质高产群体结构及个体株型指标，协调群体与个体发展的矛盾；中筋小麦扬麦12号以较低密度的基本苗（150万hm）可建立优质高产群体结构及个体株型指标。②弱筋小麦扬麦9号以较高密度建立的优质高产群体及个体株型指标中，孕穗后各时期干物质量、花后干物质量总积累量、成穗数、株高构成指数、穗下节间/节间总长、（穗下节间+穗长）/株高均低于中筋小麦扬麦12号以较低密度建立的优质高产群体；但其高峰苗、花后叶面积指数下降速度却明显大于优质高产中筋小麦扬麦12号的相应指标。

Effects of Planting Density on Yield and Quality Indices of Individual and Population of Wheat Cultivars Yangmai 9 and Yangmai 12

The field experiment, weak-gluten wheat cultivar Yangmai 9 and medium-gluten wheat cultivar Yangmai 12 served as materials, was conducted to study the effects of planting density on yield and quality of individual and population of the wheat cultivars. The results showed that, (i) to coordinate the conflict of group and individual development, the good quality and high yield population structure could be established easily at the density of 2.40 million basic seedlings/hm for Yangmai 9 and 1.50 million basic seedlings/hm for Yangmai 12; (ii) in the the comparison of two established good-quality and high-yield populations, these indices of the weak-gluten wheat cultivar Yangmai 9, including the dry matter mass after booting stage, total amount of accumulated dry matter after flowering, the number of maturity stems, plant height component index, the ratio of rachis internode length to stem length, and the ratio of the length of rachis internode plus head to plant height, were lower than those of medium-gluten wheat cultivar Yangmai 12, but the peak number of seedlings and the descent speed of leaf area index after flowering in Yangmai 9 were higher than in Yangmai 12.