两种野生石蒜的光合生理细胞学及栽培特性比较

通过对黄花石蒜和红花石蒜的光合生理、细胞学及栽培特性研究,发现黄花石蒜在大棚栽培条件下的Pn、Ci、Co和Tr较高;而红花石蒜在露地栽培条件下的Pn、Ci、Co和Tr较高。表明黄花石蒜在大棚栽培条件下光合作用旺盛;红花石蒜在露地栽培条件下光合作用旺盛。气孔密度检测进一步验证了这一结果。对两种石蒜上部叶片中段叶肉细胞的分析表明,红花石蒜的叶肉细胞较小,具有阳生植物叶肉细胞的特征;黄花石蒜的叶肉细胞较大,具有阴生植物叶肉细胞的特征。叶肉细胞中叶绿体的数量性状分析表明,在大棚遮荫栽培条件下,黄花石蒜叶绿体的光合作用较强;而红花石蒜在露天盆栽条件下叶绿体的光合作用较强。以上试验结果表明:黄花石蒜在人工栽培条件下需适当遮荫,而红花石蒜可直接露地栽培。对两种石蒜须根中段、鳞茎中部、子球发生部位的细胞学分析表明,子球发生部位的细胞具有较典型的分生组织细胞的特点,是人工切割繁殖的理想部位和组织培养较好的外植体。

The Photosynthesis Physiology,Cytology and Cultural Characteristics of Lycoris aurea Herb. and Lycoris radiata Herb.

Through studying the photosynthetic physiology,cytology and cultural characteristics of Lycoris aurea Herb and Lycoris radiata Herb,we found that the Pn,Ci,Cond and Trmmol of aurea were higher in the culture of overshadow than in the culture of open,and those of radiata higher in the culture of open than in the culture of overshadow,which indicated that the photosynthesis of aurea is higher in the culture of overshadow than in the culture of open,and those of radiata higher in the culture of open than in the culture of overshadow.The test of the stoma density for the two Lycoris proved the results above as well.The analyses to the mesophyllous cells of the middle parts of the top leaves of the two Lycoris showed that the cells of radiata were smaller than those of of aurea,which demonstrated that radiata was of the characteristics for sun plants and aurea the characteristics for shade plants.The quantitative characters for the chloroplasts of the mesophyllous cells of the two Lycoris showed that the photosynthetic function of aurea was higher in the culture of overshadow than in the culture of open,and that of radiata higher in the culture of open than in the culture of overshadow.All the tests above demonstrated that aurea needed cultured in overshadow and radiata in open.The cytologic analyses to the middle parts of fibrous roots,bulbs and the parts reproducing son bulbs of the two Lycoris showed that the cells of the parts reproducing son bulbs were of typical characteristics for the cells of the nascent tissue of plants,so the parts reproducing son bulbs were the ideal places for cutting propagula and explants for tissure culture.