砾土质戈壁土壤滴灌条件下红枣根系分布

研究砾土质戈壁土壤滴灌条件下红枣根系分布情况，为滴灌系统的科学设计和水分精确管理制度的建立及红枣施肥管理提供理论依据。以砾土质戈壁土壤为研究对象，对此类土壤滴灌条件下定植3、5和7 a 的红枣根系分布采用改良壕沟法进行观察，了解枣树根系的分布和生长情况。结果表明，砾土戈壁滴灌条件下红枣根系有向肥水生长的特性，大量垂直根系主要分布在20～80 cm土层，以20～60 cm土层较密集，占总根量的65%~80%，水平方向主要分布在0～50 cm土层，其根系数量约占全部根系数量的90%以上，其中0～40 cm土层根系约占全部根系数量的79%以上。可见，砾土质戈壁滴灌条件下3～7 a生的红枣垂直根系主要分布在60 cm土层，水平方向主要分布在0～50 cm土层，施基肥深度应在30～50 cm，施肥槽穴可留在树行中间。

Red Jujube Root Distribution in Gebi Desert Gravel Soil under Drip Irrigation Condition

Through the red jujube root distribution in the gebi gravel soil under drip irrigation condition, and combined with the root distribution to provide the theoretical basis for scientific design of drip irrigation systems and precise water and fertilization management of red jujube.Gebi desert gravel soil under drip irrigation as the research object, modified trenches method was used to observe the root distribution and growth sates of red jujube trees planting for three, five and seven years, respectively.The results showed that red jujube roots incline to the fertilizer and water in the gebi gravel soil under drip irrigation condition. Roots mainly distributed in the 20 cm to 80 cm vertical soil profile, especially in 20-60 cm profile, which contained 65%-80% of total roots. For horizontal direction roots mainly distributed in the 0-50 cm soil layer, it took more than 90% of total roots, while more than 79% of total roots distributed in 0-40 cm soil layer. Red jujube (3-7 years tree) roots mainly distributed in 0-60 cm vertical and 0-50 cm horizontal direction soil layer under drip irrigation condition in the gebi gravel soil, so the basal fertilizers should be applied in 30-50 cm depth of soil layer, fertilization slot can be dug between the tree rows.