季节放牧对高寒草原植被群落和生物量的影响

为研究不同放牧时段对高寒草原植被群落和生物量的影响,对青海省海北高寒草原的连续放牧地、暖季放牧地以及冷季放牧地进行群落调查、样品采集和统计分析。结果表明:与常年连续放牧相比,暖季放牧和冷季放牧显著提高高寒草原的群落高度、群落盖度和代表性牧草高度;季节性放牧较常年放牧显著增加禾本科生物量、莎草科生物量、地上总生物量和优质牧草产量;地下总生物量变化趋势为冷季放牧暖季放牧连续放牧,其中冷季放牧显著高于常年放牧;冷季放牧地的草地生产力显著高于常年放牧地,但与暖季放牧地的草地生产力差异不显著。在海北高寒草原地区,采用季节性放牧有助于提高高寒草原群落高度、盖度和草地生产力。可以适当鼓励牧民进行季节性放牧,促进天然草地合理利用。

Effect of Seasonal Grazing on Plant Community and Biomass of Alpine Steppe

In order to study the effects of different grazing periods on plant community and biomass in alpine grassland, community investigation, sample collection and statistical analysis were conducted about continuous grazing land, warm season grazing land and cold season grazing land in Haibei alpine grassland of Qinghai province. The results showed that compared with continuous grazing, warm season grazing and cold season grazing significantly increased the community height, coverage and representative forge height in alpine grassland; seasonal grazing significantly increased gramineae biomass,cyperaceae biomass, total aboveground biomass and high quality forage yield compared with continuous grazing; the change of total underground biomass ws cold season grazing> warm season grazing> continuous grazing, in which cold season grazing was significantly higher than continuous grazing; grassland productivity in cold season grazing was significantly higher than continuous grazing land, but there was no significant difference in grassland productivity in grazing land of warm season.This study found that seasonal grazing is good for height, coverage and grassland productivity of alpine grassland communities in Haibei, pastoralists can be encouraged to graze seasonally to promote the rational use of natural grassland.